Alimentação com Restrição de Tempo (TRE) no manejo da obesidade e do Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2: uma revisão de literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv12n8-024Keywords:
Alimentação com Restrição de Tempo, ritmos circadianos, obesidade, Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, metabolismoAbstract
Problema: A alimentação com restrição de tempo (time-restricted eating – TRE) é uma estratégia de crononutrição que limita a ingestão alimentar a uma janela diária de 4 a 12 horas, buscando alinhar os hábitos alimentares aos ritmos circadianos. Tem sido estudada como abordagem promissora na prevenção e manejo da obesidade e do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivos: Revisar as evidências sobre os efeitos da TRE na obesidade e no DM2, com ênfase em seus mecanismos fisiológicos e impactos metabólicos. Metodologia: Revisão narrativa da literatura, baseada em artigos originais, ensaios clínicos, revisões sistemáticas e de atualização publicados principalmente entre 2018 e 2025, abordando ritmos circadianos, crononutrição, TRE e desfechos metabólicos. Resultados: As evidências indicam que a TRE favorece o alinhamento circadiano e promove o switch metabólico. Ensaios clínicos e metanálises demonstram reduções significativas de peso corporal, IMC, HbA1c, glicemia de jejum e triglicerídeos, além de possível diminuição na necessidade de antidiabéticos em pacientes com DM2. No entanto, a curta duração da maioria dos estudos e a heterogeneidade dos protocolos ainda limitam conclusões definitivas. Conclusão: A TRE configura-se como estratégia segura, viável e de baixo custo para o manejo da obesidade e do DM2. Estudos clínicos de maior duração e com maior homogeneidade são necessários para consolidar sua aplicação na prática clínica.
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