Estabilização de solos lateríticos com biopolímero de quitosana: estado da arte e lacunas de pesquisa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv12n7-043Keywords:
solo, polímero, geotecnia sustentávelAbstract
Os solos lateríticos são amplamente empregados em obras de infraestrutura em regiões tropicais, porém frequentemente apresentam limitações relacionadas à resistência mecânica e à sensibilidade à umidade. Tradicionalmente, a estabilização desses materiais é realizada por meio de aditivos convencionais, como cimento e cal, cujos impactos ambientais têm incentivado a busca por alternativas mais sustentáveis. Nesse contexto, os biopolímeros surgem como materiais promissores, destacando-se a quitosana devido à sua biodegradabilidade, biocompatibilidade e capacidade de interação com partículas minerais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a aplicação da quitosana na estabilização de solos lateríticos. A revisão foi conduzida seguindo as recomendações do protocolo PRISMA, utilizando as bases Scopus, Web of Science e ScienceDirect. Os resultados demonstraram escassez significativa de estudos diretamente relacionados à estabilização de solos lateríticos com quitosana, sendo identificado apenas um trabalho que atendeu integralmente aos critérios de elegibilidade. Em contrapartida, diversos estudos reportaram resultados positivos da aplicação da quitosana em outros tipos de solos, indicando melhorias em propriedades mecânicas, hidráulicas e de durabilidade. Os achados evidenciam o potencial da quitosana como alternativa sustentável para estabilização geotécnica, ao mesmo tempo em que revelam importantes lacunas científicas que demandam investigações futuras direcionadas aos solos lateríticos.
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