Photoprotective emulsions produced with moringa seed oil (Moringa oleifera Lam)

Authors

  • Bianca Macêdo de Araújo
  • Edilson de Jesus Santos

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv12n3-040

Keywords:

emulsion, sun protection factor, moringa seed oil

Abstract

In this study, the photoprotective capacity of cosmetic emulsions produced with oil extracted from moringa seeds was analyzed. The emulsions were prepared with moringa seed oil as the oil phase, Procetyl AWS as the surfactant and oleic acid as the co-surfactant in a 2:1 ratio. It was observed that the emulsions prepared with 5% oil in their formulation had a sun protection factor (SPF) above 27, unlike the emulsions prepared with 10% oil, which had a sun protection factor below 14. Two emulsions prepared without the addition of oleic acid in their formulation did not separate into phases, presenting an SPF similar to the formulations with the addition of oleic acid. The emulsions obtained exhibited pseudoplastic fluid behavior, according to the viscosity curve as a function of rotation speed (rpm) performed by rheometer analysis, which allows for better spreading on the skin. This allows us to conclude that the use of moringa seed oil showed potential for the production of photoprotective emulsions.

References

ALMEIDA, W. A. D. S. et al. Photoprotective activity and increase of SPF in sunscreen formulation using lyophilized red propolis extracts from Alagoas. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, v. 29, n. 3, p. 373–380, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.02.003.

AYERZA, R. Seed characteristics, oil content and fatty acid composition of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seeds from three arid land locations in Ecuador. Industrial Crops and Products, v. 140, p. 111–575, 2019. Disponível em: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335003898.

AZMI, N.; AKANNO, A.; JACOBSEN, C.; FOSSUM, J.N. Moringa Oleifera as a multifunctional bioresource: Nutritional, medicinal and its pickering emulsifying potential. Food Hydrocolloids for Health, v. 8, p. 100231, 2025. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fhfh.2025.100231.

BRASIL. MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE. AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA. Resolução - RDC no 30, de 1o de junho, 2012.

CATELAN, T. B. S.; GAIOLA, L.; DUARTE, B. F.; CARDOSO, C. A. L. Evaluation of the in vitro photoprotective potential of ethanolic extracts of four species of the genus Campomanesia. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, v. 197, p. 111500, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.04.009.

CHU, C.C.; TAN, C.P.; HASAN, Z.A.A.; NYAM, K.L. Preparation and evaluation of photoprotective kenaf seed oil nanocarriers-based cream of tocotrienol-rich fraction. Industrial Crops and Products, v. 185, p. 115164, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.115164.

COUTEAU, C.A.C.; PAPARIS, E.; COIFFARD, L.J.M. An in vitro study of fixed and essential oils claimed to have photoprotective properties. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, v. 426, p. 113743, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113743.

DALTIN, D. Tensoativos: química, propriedades e aplicações. São Paulo: Blucher, 2011.

DUBUISSON, P.; PICARD, C.; GRISEL, M.; SAVARY, G. How does composition influence the texture of cosmetic emulsions? Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, v. 536, p. 38–46, 2018. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.08.001.

EGAMBARAM, O.P.; PILLAI, S.K.; RAY S.S. Materials science challenges in skin UV protection: a review. Photochem. Photobiol., v. 96, p. 779-797, 2020. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/php.13208.

FERREIRA, S. G.; CONCEIÇÃO, V. S.; GOUVEIA, N. S.; SANTOS, G. S.; SANTOS, R. L. C.; LIRA, A. A. M.; CAVALCANTI, S. C. H.; SARMENTO, V. H. V.; NUNES, R. S. An environmentally safe larvicide against Aedes aegypti based on in situ gelling nanostructured surfactant systems containing an essential oil. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, v. 456, p. 190–196, 2015. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2015.06.012.

LACATUSU, I.; ARSENIE, L. V.; BADEA, G.; POPA, O.; OPREA, O.; BADEA, N. New cosmetic formulations with broad photoprotective and antioxidative activities designed by amaranth and pumpkin seed oils nanocarriers. Industrial Crops and Products, v. 123, p. 424–433, 2018. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.06.083.

LACHMAN, L.; LIEBERMAN, H. A.; KANING, J. L. Teoria e Prática na Indústria Farmacêutica. Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 2001.

MANSUR, J. DE S.; BREDER, M. N. R.; MANSUR, M. C. D’ASCENÇÄO; AZULAY, R. D. Determinaçäo do Fator de Proteçäo Solar por Espectrofotometria. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, v. 61, n. 3, p. 121–124, 1986.

MANSUR, M.C.P.P.R. et al. Photoprotective nanoemulsions containing microbial carotenoids and buriti oil: Efficacy and safety study. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, v. 13, n. 8, p. 6741-6752, 2020. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.06.028.

MILANI, L. P. G.; GARCIA, N. O. S.; MORAIS, M. C.; DIAS, A. L. S.; OLIVEIRA, N. L.; CONCEIÇÃO, E. C. Extract from byproduct Psidium guajava standardized in ellagic acid: additivation of the in vitro photoprotective efficacy of a cosmetic formulation. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, v. 28, n. 6, p. 692–696, 2018. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.08.005.

MILUTINOV, J. et al. Development and evaluation of quercetin topical emulgels: Physicochemical and rheological properties, stability and sun protective potential. Journal of Molecular Liquids, v. 417, p. 126568, 2025. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2024.126568.

MONTEIRO E SILVA, S. A. et al. Estudo de estabilidade, análise de comportamento reológico e investigação de Cristais-Líquidos de formulações contendo pó-de-pérola. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Farmacêuticas, v. 94, n. 14, p. 199–210, 2013.

MOREIRA DE MORAIS, J.; HENRIQUE DOS SANTOS, D. O.; DELICATO, T.; AZZINI GONÇALVES, R.; ALVES DA ROCHA-FILHO, P. Physicochemical characterization of canola oil/water nano-emulsions obtained by determination of required HLB number and emulsion phase inversion methods. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, v. 27, n. 1, p. 109-115, 2006. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1081/DIS-200066829?urlappend=%3Futm_source%3Dresearchgate.net%26utm_medium%3Darticle.

PADAYACHEE, B.; BAIJNATH, H. An updated comprehensive review of the medicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Moringa oleifera. South African Journal of Botany, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.021.

RANI, N. Z. A.; HUSAIN, K.; KUMOLOSASI, E. Moringa genus: A review of phytochemistry and pharmacology. Frontiers in Pharmacology, v. 9, p. 108, 2018. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00108.

SILVA, A. C. P. DA et al. Photoprotection assessment of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves extract standardized to oleuropein: In vitro and in silico approach for improved sunscreens. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, v. 193, n. November 2018, p. 162–171, 2019. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.03.003.

SINGER, S.; KARRER, S.; BERNEBURG, M. Modern sun protection. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, v. 46, p. 24–28, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2018.12.006.

SINGH, A. K.; RANA, H. K.; TSHABALALA, T.; KUMAR, R.; GUPTA, A.; NDHLALA, A. R.; PANDEY, A. K. Phytochemical, nutraceutical and pharmacological attributes of a functional crop Moringa oleifera Lam: An overview. South African Journal of Botany, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.06.017.

TERESCENCO, D.; PICARD, C.; CLEMENCEAU, F.; GRISEL, M.; SAVARY, G. Influence of the emollient structure on the properties of cosmetic emulsion containing lamellar liquid crystals. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, v. 536, p. 10–19, 2018. Disponível em: https://sci-hub.box/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.08.017.

VARMA, S. R.; SIVAPRAKASAM, T. O.; ARUMUGAM, I.; DILIP, N.; RAGHURAMAN, M.; PAVAN, K. B.; RAFIQ, M.; PARAMESH, R. In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of Virgin coconut oil. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, v. 9, n. 1, p. 5–14, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.06.012.

WANG, Y.; GAO, Y.; DING, H.; LIU, S.; HAN, X.; GUI, J.; LIU, D. Subcritical ethanol extraction of flavonoids from Moringa oleifera leaf and evaluation of antioxidant activity. Food Chemistry, v. 218, p. 152–158, 2017. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.058.

WIJARNPRECHA, K.; VRIES, A. DE; SANTIWATTANA, P.; SONWAI, S.; ROUSSEAU, D. Microstructure and rheology of oleogel-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions containing crystal-stabilized droplets as active fillers. LWT - Food Science and Technology, v. 115, p. 108058, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.04.059.

YEAGER, D. G.; LIM, H. W. What’s New in Photoprotection: A Review of New Concepts and Controversies. Dermatologic Clinics, v. 37, n. 2, p. 149–157, 2019. DIsponívem em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.det.2018.11.003.

ZHAO, X.; HE, Y.; CHEN, J.; ZHANG, J.; CHEN, L.; WANG, B.; WU, C.; YUAN, Y. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis Identification and direct determination of fatty acids profile in oleic acid by HPLC-CAD and MS-IT-TOF. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, v. 204, p. 114238, 2021. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114238.

ZOU, W.; TANG, S.; LI, Q.; HU, G.; LIU, L.; JIN, Y.; CAI, Z. Addition of cationic guar-gum and oleic acid improved the stability of plasma emulsions prepared with enzymatically hydrolyzed egg yolk. Food Hydrocolloids, v. 105, n. March, p. 105827, 2020. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105827.

Downloads

Published

2026-03-19

How to Cite

Araújo, B. M. de, & Santos, E. de J. (2026). Photoprotective emulsions produced with moringa seed oil (Moringa oleifera Lam). Brazilian Journal of Development, 12(3), e86221. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv12n3-040

Issue

Section

Original Papers