Efecto bioestimulante de la microalga Scenedesmus dimorphus sobre plantines de tomate frente al déficit hídrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv11n7-069Keywords:
Solanum lycopersicum L., sustentabilidad, pigmentos fotosintéticos, fitohormonas, osmotinaAbstract
Los bioestimulantes son productos orgánicos que en bajas dosis estimulan el crecimiento y desarrollo de cultivos, activan distintas vías metabólicas e incrementan la tolerancia al estrés biótico y abiótico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la respuesta en plantines de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L), a la aplicación con Scenedesmus dimorphus y su potencial uso como bioestimulante. Los plantines fueron cultivados bajo invernadero con una restricción hídrica moderada. Se realizaron 4 tratamientos con 2 niveles de riego (100% y 50% de la capacidad del contenedor), con y sin aplicación de microalgas. Los plantines recibieron 3 mL del cultivo de microalgas junto con el riego (cuatro veces, durante 22 días que duró el experimento). La restricción hídrica fue a los 9 días desde la siembra. Se midieron las variables de crecimiento y contenido de pigmentos fotosintéticos, concentración de fitohormonas y la expresión de gen Sl-NP24 (osmotina). Se observó una mejora en las variables de crecimiento ante la aplicación de microalgas y activación de la respuesta de defensa en plantines con restricción hídrica, que fue mayor en los que no recibieron microalgas, evidenciada por mayor contenido de carotenoides, de ácido abscísico y sobreexpresión de Sl-NP24, mientras que, la aplicación de microalgas resultó en un efecto protector ante el déficit hídrico. El uso de S. dimorphus para plantas de tomate se presenta como una alternativa biológica y sustentable contra el estrés hídrico.
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