Ostracismo no local de trabalho: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv11n6-048Keywords:
ostracismo, exclusão social, comportamento organizacional, liderança inclusiva, cultura organizacionalAbstract
O ostracismo no local de trabalho constitui uma forma subtil, mas profundamente impactante, de exclusão social, caracterizado pela omissão deliberada de interação e reconhecimento. Ao contrário de formas mais visíveis de abuso laboral, como o assédio moral, o ostracismo manifesta-se de forma silenciosa, muitas vezes invisível e de difícil identificação, mas com efeitos psicológicos e organizacionais significativos. Esta revisão da literatura, conduzida com recurso a métodos sistemáticos para seleção e análise crítica de artigos relevantes, visa explorar a conceptualização do fenómeno, os seus fundamentos teóricos, manifestações, impactos e estratégias de coping e intervenção. Os resultados apontam para consequências graves ao nível do bem-estar psicológico, desempenho individual e coesão organizacional, reforçando a importância de políticas inclusivas, liderança ética e intervenções culturalmente sensíveis. Conclui-se que a compreensão e combate ao ostracismo laboral exigem uma abordagem integrada, que una perspetivas psicológicas e estratégias organizacionais, com vista à construção de ambientes de trabalho mais humanos, saudáveis e produtivos.
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