Study and conservation of the genetic potential of the wild plant Agriophyllum squarrosum L. in the deserts and semi-deserts of Western Kazakhstan

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the distribution of Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) in the Western Kazakhstan and Aktobe regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This plant, a wild species with significant potential for fodder production, has received limited attention in these areas. The objectives of this research include determining the species' distribution, evaluating its economically valuable potential, conducting phenological observations, and performing biochemical analyses. The study also involved documenting the coordinates of germination sites, introduction experiments, and examining the plant's biological features under cultivation. Methodologically, we focused on monitoring specific locations in the Zhanakala area and Naryn sands (Western Kazakhstan,) and the Shalkar area (Aktobe, Western Kazakhstan), where fodder productivity was measured. In the Zhanakala area and Naryn Sands, Agriophyllum squarrosum produced 6–8 c/ha of green mass and 2–2.5 c/ha of hay, while in the Shalkar area, productivity was lower at 4–5 c/ha of green mass and 1.0–1.5 c/ha of hay. These findings suggest that Agriophyllum squarrosum has potential as a fodder crop in semi-arid regions, with further studies needed to optimize its cultivation.