Algal bloom in inland open water and their prospective management strategies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv10n2-028Keywords:
microalgal bloom, inland water, control of bloom, harmful algaeAbstract
Inland microalgal bloom is a one of the biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystem which has not only threatened the diversity of lower biota and substantially degrading the sustainable ecosystem functioning. This phenomenon has been omnipresent across global water ecosystems irrespective of its differential climatic regime. Episodes of algal blooming in natural waters is marked by the presence of variety of microalgae whose presence coincides with nutrient influxes. Thus, the present paper has discussed the occurrence and consequences of such devastating incidence in freshwater ecosystems along with its possible causes and ways of mitigation.
References
Anderson, D.M. 1997. Turning back the harmful red tide. Nature 388: 513-514.
Berdalet, E., Fleming, L.E., Gowen, R., Davidson, K., Hess, P., Backer, L.C., Moore, S.T., Hoagl, P., and Enevoldsen, H. 2016. Marine harmful algal blooms, human health and wellbeing: challenges and opportunities in the 21st century. J Mar Biol Assoc U.K. 96(1). 61-91.
Chorus, I., Bartram, J. 1999. Toxic cyanobacteria in water: A guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management. London: E&FN Spon, 1999.
Churro, C., Dias, E., Valério, E. 2012. Risk Assessment of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins, the Particularities and Challenges of Planktothrix spp. Monitoring, Novel Approaches and Their Applications in Risk Assessment, Dr. Yuzhou Luo (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0519-0, 2012.
Cloern, J.E., Foster, S.Q., Kleckner, A.E. 2014 Phytoplankton primary production in the world’s estuarine-coastal ecosystems. Biogeosciences 11: 2477–2501. doi:10.5194/bg-11-2477-2014.
Codd, G.A., Azevedo, S.M.F.O., Bagchi, S.N., Burch, M.D., Carmichael, W.W., Harding, W.R. 2005. CYANONET, a global network for cyanobacterial bloom and Toxin Risk Management. Initial Situation Assessment and Recommendations. 141.
Collins, M. 1978. Isolation and partial characterization of toxins from the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve Davis. Microbiol Rev. 42(4): 725–746.
D’Silva, M.S., Anil, A.C., Naik, R.K., D’Costa, M.P. 2012. Algal blooms: a perspective from the coasts of India. Nat. Hazards. 63: 1225-1253.
Das, S., Geetanjali Deshmukhe, Alkesh Dwivedi 2014. Grazing of selected genera of green, red and brown macroalgae. Applied Ecology and Environmental research, 12(3): 717-725. DOI: 10.15666/aeer/1203_717725.
Dietrich, D., Hoeger, S. 2005. Guidance values for microcystins in water and cyanobacterial supplement products (blue-green algal supplements): a reasonable or misguided approach? First Publ. In: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 203(3): 273-289.
Falkowski, P.G. 1984. Physiological response of phytoplankton to natural light regimes. J Plankton Res. 6: 295–307.
Gaikwad, S., Patil, S., Dongare, M. 2013. The occurrence of Microcystis Aeruginosa bloom: indicator of deteriorating the health of Kolhapur district reservoirs, Plant Sciences Feed, 3(1):1-3.
GEOHAB, 2001. Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms, Science Plan. P. Glibert and G. Pitcher (eds). SCOR and IOC, Baltimore and Paris. 87 pp.
Griffin, C. 2017. Expanding toxic algal blooms. Science 356 (6339), 713-714. doi: 10.1126/science.356.6339.713-c.
Hirano, T. 1958. Studies on the blue-green algae. Part 11. Study on the formation of humus due to the growth of blue-green algae [in Japanese, English summary]. Bull. Shikoku Agric. Expt. Stn. 4:63-74.
Humbert, J.F., Quiblier, C., Gugger, M. 2010. Molecular approaches for monitoring potentially toxic marine and freshwater phytoplankton species. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 397(5):1723-1732.
Jones, H.G. 1991. Snow chemistry and biological activity: a particular perspective on nutrient cycling, In: T.D. Davies (ed.) Seasonal snowpacks, NATO ASI Series, Vol. G28, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 173–228.
Kamat, N.D., Patel, M. Z. 1973. Soil algae of a rice field at different depths. Botanique (India) 4(2):101-106.
Kheiralla, K.M., Aatiga Eshag, Elzien S.M., Saud S.A., Al-Imam, O.A. 2014. Seasonal Variation of Algae Types, Counts and Their Effect on Purified Water Quality Case Study: Al-Mogran and Burri Plants, Khartoum State, Sudan. J. Biodivers. Endanger Species. 2:2.
Komárek, J., Nedbalová, L., 2007. Green Cryosestic Algae. In: Seckbach J. (ed.), Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments, Springer, The Netherlands. p321–342.
Komárek, O., Komárek, J. 2001. Contribution to the taxonomy and ecology of green cryosestic algae in the summer season 1995–1996 at King George Island, S. Shetland Islands, Nova Hedwigia, Beih. 123, 121–140. In: J. Elster et al. (eds.) Proceedings of the International conference Algae and extreme environments, 11–16 September 2000, Trˇebonˇ, Czech Republic.
Lubchenco, J., Cubit, J., 1980. Heteromorphic life histories of certain marine algae as adaptation to variation in herbivory. Ecology 61(3): 676-687.
Matsuguchi, T., Yoo, I. 1979. Stimulation of phototrophic N2fixation in paddy fields through rice straw application. Paper presented at the workshop "Nitrogen cycling in S.E. Asian wet monsoonal ecosystem”. Nov. 5-10, 1979, Chiang Mai, Thailand. SCOPE/UNEP.
Niamien-Ebrottie, J.E, Bhattacharyya, S., Deep, P.R., Nayak, B. 2015. Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in the World: Review. International Journal of Applied Research. 1(8): 563-569.
Prasad, B.N., R.K. Mehrotra, Singh, Y. 1978. On pH tolerance of some soil blue-green algae. Acta Bot. Ind. 6(2):130-138.
Prasath, B., Nandakumar, R., Jayalakshmi, T., Santhanam, P. 2014. First report on the intense cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa Kützing, 1846 bloom at Muttukadu Backwater, southeast coast of India. Indian Journal of Geo-marine Sciences, 43(2): 258–262.
Saito, M., Watanabe, I. 1978. Organic matter production in rice field flood water. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 28(3):427-440.
Sangolkar, L.N., Maske, S.S., Muthal, P.L., Kashyap, S.M., Chakrabarti, T. 2009. Isolation and characterization of microcystin producing Microcystis from a Central Indian water bloom. Harmful Algae 8: 674-684.
Sarkar, S.K. 2018. Algal Blooms: Potential Drivers, Occurrences and Impact. In: Marine Algal Bloom: Characteristics, Causes and Climate Change Impacts. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature. Pp 53-54.
Smayda, T.J. 1997. Harmful algal blooms: their ecophysiology and general relevance to phytoplankton blooms in the sea. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42:1137–1153.
Sournia, A. 1995. Red tide and toxic marine phytoplankton of the world ocean: An inquiry into biodiversity. In: Lassus PG, Arzul E, Erard P, Gentien, Marcaillou C (eds) Harmful Marine Algal Blooms. Proc. 6th Int. Conf. on Toxic Marine Phytoplankton, France, 1993. Lavoisier, pp 103–112.
Spears, M. et al., 2013. Lake responses following lanthanum-modified bentonite clay (Phoslock®) application: an analysis of water column lanthanum data from 16 case study lakes. Water Research, 47(15): 5930-5942.
Stambler, N., Dubinsky, Z. 2007. Marine phototrophs in the twilight zone. In: Seckbach J. (ed). Algae and Cyanobacteria in extreme environment. Springer, The Netherlands. p81-97. ISBN 978-1-4020-6111-0.
Thirukkanasan, A., Kulasooriya S.A., Theivendirarajah, K. 1977. A periodic survey of the blue greens found abundantly during the monsoon period (from Sept. to January) in a paddy field near Jaffa Campus at Vaddukoddai and a general survey of blue greens in the Jaffna peninsula during the same period. Pages 50-5 1 in Proc. 33d Ann. Sessions of the S.L.A.A.S. December 1977.
Tilzer, M. M., Dubinsky, Z. 1987. Effects of temperature and day length on the mass balance of Antarctic phytoplankton. Polar Biol. 7, 35–42.
Traore, T. M., P. A. Rogerp, A. Reynaud, and A. Sasson. 1978. Etude de la fixation de N par les cyanobacteries dans une rizibre du Mali (N2-fixation by blue-green algae in a paddy field in Malia) [in French, English summary]. Cah. ORSTOM Ser. Biol. 13(2):181-185.
Van Dolah, F.M., Ramsdell, J.S. 2001. Review and Assessment of In Vitro Detection Methods for Algal Toxins. Journal of AOAC International, 84(5): 1617-1625.
Watanabe, A., Ito, R., Sasa, T. 1955. Micro-algae as a source of nutrients for daphnids. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 1:137-141.
Westrick, J.A., Szlag, D.C., Southwell, B.J., Sinclair, J. 2010. A review of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins removal/inactivation in drinking water treatment. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 397:1705-1714.
