Fisiopatologia e modelos murinos de Rinossinusite Crônica com Pólipos Nasais (RSCcPN), uma revisão
Pathophysiology and murine models of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRScPN), a review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n9-224Keywords:
Rinossinusite crônica, Pólipos nasais, inflamação imune tipo 2, EosinófilosAbstract
Uma das doenças crônicas de caráter inflamatório da via aérea superior que afeta mais de 10% da população mundial é a Rinossinusite Crônica (RSC). A RSC se instala na mucosa dos seios nasais promovendo o remodelamento tecidual caracterizado por espessamento da membrana basal, fibrose e hipersecreção de muco, edema subepitelial e osteíte. A presença ou ausência de pólipos nasais (PN) confere os dois fenótipos descritos de RSC. A resposta imune tipo 2 (Th2) se apresenta como principal mecanismo fisiopatológico da RSC com pólipos nasais, tendo as citocinas IL-4, IL-5 e IL-13 como principais moléculas sinalizadoras de todo o processo inflamatório. Embora expressiva em termos quantitativos na população mundial, estudos que visam compreender os mecanismos fisiopatológicos e farmacológicos da RSC ainda são escassos. Modelos murinos são essenciais para os estudos visando novas alternativas terapêuticas para o tratamento da RSC com pólipos nasais, uma vez que as classes terapêuticas convencionais, empregadas no tratamento, são insatisfatórias para a melhora do quadro clínico dos pacientes.
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