Distribuição Geográfica de DTUs do Trypanosoma cruzi Isolado de Infecções Humanas no Brasil: Revisão Sistemática / Geographical Distribution of DTUs from Trypanosoma cruzi Isolated from Human Infections in Brazil: Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n2-324Keywords:
Doença de Chagas, DTU, Brasil.Abstract
O Trypanosoma cruzi, agente etiológico da Doença de Chagas possui elevada heterogeneidade biológica e genética. A classificação mais recente agrupa esse protozoário em unidades discretas de tipagens, conhecidas pela sigla DTU (do inglês discrete typing units), classificando as cepas do T. cruzi em seis DTUs, nomeadas de TcI a TcVI. As DTUs do T. cruzi apresentam distribuição geográfica distinta e parecem estar correlacionadas às diversas manifestações clínicas da doença de Chagas, incluindo a resistência ao tratamento com o benznidazol e podem predominar em determinadas regiões geográficas. Esta revisão sistemática avaliou artigos que identificaram as DTUs do T. cruzi associadas à infecção humana nas diferentes regiões do Brasil. A seleção dos artigos se deu por meio da busca nas plataformas PubMed, Lilacs, Cochrane Library e Embase utilizando vários descritores específicos como “Trypanosoma cruzi”, “Chagas disease”, “discrete typing units”, “DTU”, “Molecular Typing”, “Genotyping Techniques”, “Genotype”, “Classification”, entre outros. Foram selecionados 49 artigos que analisaram um total de 936 cepas de T. cruzi isoladas de pacientes, sendo 149 provenientes da região Norte, 242 da região Nordeste, 38 da região Centro-Oeste, 449 da região Sudeste e 58 da região Sul. Houve predomínio de TcII nas regiões Nordeste, Sudeste, Centro-Oeste e Sul e o TcIV predominou no norte. O Nordeste foi a região que apresentou o maior número de cepas mistas. O menor número de pacientes estudados provenientes das regiões Centro-Oeste e Sul, indicam a necessidade de mais estudos genéticos com cepas isoladas dessas regiões.
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