Manifestações Neurológicas em Pacientes que Contraíram Covid-19: uma revisão integrativa da literatura / Neurological Manifestations in Patients Who Contracted Covid-19: an integrative literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n7-115Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Manifestações Neurológicas, Infecções por Coronavírus.Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: O espectro da infecção do SARS-CoV-2 é amplo e predomina o acometimento respiratório. Estudos recentes, no entanto, têm demonstrado cada vez mais o acometimento extra respiratório, incluindo alterações neurológicas diversas. A presente revisão discorre sobre as principais manifestações neurológicas decorrentes da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 e suas consequências para os infectados. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As bases de dados utilizadas foram MEDLINE/PubMed, Scielo e LILACS. Os seguintes descritores foram utilizados: “Neurological manifestations”, “COVID-19” e “Neurological symptoms”. RESULTADOS: No mundo foram reportadas diversas manifestações neurológicas como as centrais (cefaleia, tontura, convulsões, meningite/encefalite, déficit cognitivo, AVC), periféricas (analgesia, anosmia) e musculoesqueléticas. As mais frequentemente observadas foram tontura e cefaléia. DISCUSSÃO: O mecanismo de neuro invasão ainda não está totalmente esclarecido, mas as evidências mostram que se deve haver lesão direta, imunomediada ou decorrente de hipóxia, além de eventos secundários relacionados a distúrbios sistêmicos, como sepse, hiperpirexia hipercoagulabilidade etc. A agressividade dos sintomas pode variar desde as mais leves até predispor manifestações graves como doenças cerebrovasculares agudas. CONCLUSÃO: As manifestações neurológicas apresentaram-se sob diferentes formas e ainda são necessários mais ensaios clínicos para analisar a fisiopatologia do SARS-CoV-2 no sistema nervoso, assim como suas consequências tardias.
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