Diagnóstico e tratamento atuais da fibrose cística: uma revisão de literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv7n4-216Keywords:
fibrose cística, diagnóstico, protocolos clínicosAbstract
Introdução: Fibrose cística (FC) é um distúrbio genético que afeta crianças no mundo todo e é responsável por grande redução da expectativa de vida, o que torna seu disgnóstico precoce e o tratamento contínuo fundamentais. Nesse sentido, este trabalho consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica que objetiva identificar os principais métodos diagnósticos e tratamentos para fibrose cística presentes na literatura científica recente. Metodologia: Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed e Scielo, utilizando-se os descritores “cystic fibrosis” AND “diagnosis” OR “cystic fibrosis” AND “treatment”. Foram identificados 48 artigos e selecionados 18, restringindo-se aos publicados entre 2015 e 2020. Resultados: A análise dos dados revelou que o diagnóstico da FC deve incluir a triagem neonatal somada a exames que detectem a disfunção do CFTR. Quanto ao tratamento, deve ser individualizado e envolve anti-inflamatório, antibiótico e terapia respiratória, aliados a novas terapias com moduladores de CFTR - Ivacaftor, Lumacaftor, Tezacaftor e Elexacaftor. Percebe-se que estas geram bons resultados, com diminuição de exacerbações pulmonares. Conclusão: os métodos de diagnóstico para FC revelam altas especificidade e sensibilidade, enquanto o tratamento, apesar de ter evoluído com recursos terapêuticos capazes de aliviar os sintomas, não leva à cura.
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