Application of modified Fenton reactions for sulfamethoxazole degradation using phosphate-based complexing agents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv9n3-312Palavras-chave:
fenton, modified fenton, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, Doehlert designResumo
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is an emerging pollutant widely detected in aquatic environments. Faced with this problem, Fenton reactions (FR) and modified Fenton reactions (MF) are among advanced oxidation processes (AOPS) that showed great efficiency in its degradation. The objectives of the following study are evaluating SMX degradation by applying FR and MF using the complexing agents sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHP) as novel. To this end, Doehlert design was applied to optimize the processes (FR and MF) using the variables Fe2+, H2O2, and STP or SHP complexing agents (in MF) as factors. At the best conditions obtained by Doehlert design, assays varying pH between 2 and 13 were conducted and at the best conditions, assays of kinetic reactions were carried out during 24 h and then assays of toxicity were carried out by TBARS and catalase activity. In this way, in Doehlert’s assays, were obtained maximum SMX degradation of 69.1% and 55.4% using STP and SHP complexing agents, respectively. The value of pH = 5 presented the best results. Kinetic reactions showed rapid consumption of H2O2 and iron oxidation after 2 h and followed pseudo-first order kinetics. Assays of toxicity showed that all experiments of FR and MF presented higher or equal oxidative stress than SMX solution (20 mg L-1), suggesting the possibility of the formation of toxic degradation intermediates. We conclude that MF using STP and SHP complexing agents (pH = 5) presented an alternative of SMX degradation with operation at pH closer to neutrality with great results.
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