Behavioral modulation in intact male cattle supplemented on pasture: effects of a homeopathic-based additive

Resumo

Mounting behavior among intact male cattle, known as buller syndrome, is a behavioral disorder that can negatively affect animal welfare and productive performance, especially in grazing systems with supplementation. In this context, homeopathy-based commercial products have been empirically used to mitigate undesirable behaviors; however, scientific evidence supporting their effectiveness remains limited, particularly under pasture conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a homeopathic-based additive on productive performance, blood biochemical parameters, and behavior of intact male cattle supplemented on pasture. Twenty crossbred intact males were used in a completely randomized design with two treatments: control (without additive) and supplementation with 15 g/animal/day of a commercial homeopathic product (NTH Sodomia). The experimental period lasted 45 days. Initial and final body weight, total weight gain, and average daily gain were measured, as well as plasma concentrations of glucose and urea nitrogen. Behavioral observations were conducted every 5 minutes over two consecutive days. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed for productive performance or blood parameters. However, animals receiving the additive showed increased time spent consuming concentrate and water (P<0.05), reduced rumination time (P=0.05), and decreased agonistic behavior (fighting) (P<0.05). Additionally, a tendency for reduced mounting attempts was observed. The homeopathic-based additive did not affect animal performance but was associated with behavioral changes, suggesting its potential use as a complementary management tool for intact male cattle. Further studies are required to better understand the mechanisms involved and to confirm these effects under different production conditions.