Advances in molecular diagnostics in veterinary medicine, including real-time PCR, LAMP, and next-generation sequencing (NGS), and their Applications Within the One Health concept
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv9n1-263Palavras-chave:
molecular diagnostics, veterinary medicine, real-time PCR, LAMP, next-generation sequencing, One HealthResumo
Advances in molecular diagnostics have significantly transformed veterinary medicine by enabling faster, more sensitive, and more specific detection of infectious agents. Techniques such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) overcome key limitations of traditional diagnostic methods, particularly regarding turnaround time and detection of fastidious or emerging pathogens. This study is a narrative literature review aimed at synthesizing and critically discussing the main applications of these molecular techniques in veterinary medicine, with emphasis on clinical diagnostics, epidemiological surveillance, antimicrobial resistance monitoring, and outbreak investigation. The reviewed literature demonstrates that the integrated use of real-time PCR, LAMP, and NGS enhances diagnostic accuracy and expands surveillance capacity across animal populations. Within the One Health framework, molecular diagnostics play a central role in early detection of zoonotic pathogens, integration of animal, human, and environmental health data, and support of public health decision-making. Despite existing operational and infrastructural challenges, molecular diagnostic technologies represent essential tools for addressing emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
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