Efecto del espesor de grasa dorsal y tasa de crecimiento en el desempeño reproductivo de la cerda hiperprolífica al primer servicio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv8n3-123Palavras-chave:
cerda primeriza, tasa de crecimiento, espesor de grasa dorsal, pubertadResumo
Con el objetivo de determinar la influencia de la tasa de crecimiento (TC) y espesor de grasa dorsal (EGD) en el desempeño de la cerda hiperprolífica al primer servicio se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo comparativo. Se utilizaron 178 lechonas de la línea PIC Camborough® seleccionadas como futuras reproductoras desde el momento del nacimiento. Las lechonas fueron clasificadas en cuatro grupos de acuerdo con su TC desde el nacimiento hasta los 148 d de edad (≤0,400, 0,401 a 0,500, 0,501 a 0,600 y ≥0,601 kg/d); en cuatro grupos de TC desde el nacimiento hasta el momento del primer servicio (≤0,500, 0,501 a 0,600, 0,601 a 0,700 y ≥0,701 kg/d) y en cuatro grupos de EGD al momento del primer servicio (≤10, 10,5 a 12,5, 13 a 15 y ≥15,5 mm). Los datos de desempeño reproductivo por TC y EGD se analizaron con ANDEVA (p ≤ 0,05). Las cerdas con TC ≥0,501 kg/d desde el nacimiento hasta los 148 d de edad presentaron la pubertad a edad menor (213 vs. 229 y 237 d) y al servicio (231 vs. 272 y 255 d) respecto de las que tuvieron entre 0,401 a 0,500 y ≤0,400 kg/d (p = 0,001). Las cerdas con TC ≤0,500 kg/d desde el nacimiento hasta el momento del servicio presentaron la pubertad a una edad mayor (255 vs. 231, 217 y 209 d; p = 0,001), y edad mayor al servicio (309 vs. 263, 239 y 220 d; p = 0,001), respecto a aquellas con TC de 0,501 a 0,600, 0,601 a 0,700 y ≥0,701 kg/d. Las cerdas con TC ≤0,600 kg/d tuvieron menor EGD al momento del servicio (13 vs. 15 y 15,5 mm) respecto de aquellas con TC de 0,601 a 0,700 y ≥0,701 kg/d. Las cerdas con EGD ≥15,5 mm al momento del servicio presentaron la pubertad a edad menor (217 vs. 226, 227 y 239 d; p = 0,03), respecto de las que tuvieron 13 a 15, 10,5 a 12,5 y ≤10 mm. Los resultados observados permiten concluir que las cerdas primerizas con TC menor a los 0,601 kg/d tienen menor EGD al momento del servicio, y presentan la pubertad y son servidas a edad tardía.
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