Dinâmica populacional de simbiontes intestinais em galinhas poedeiras no sistema free-range livre de antibióticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv8n2-012Palavras-chave:
bem-estar animal, galinha poedeira, microbiota intestinalResumo
O sistema free-range ou “ao ar livre” sem o uso de antibióticos surge como uma alternativa aos sistemas confinados de galinhas poedeiras, em que a compreensão do ecossistema microbiano do intestino das aves pode levar a melhorias na produtividade, saúde, bem-estar, redução de patógenos e do impacto ambiental da produção avícola para uma indústria mais sustentável. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a microbiota intestinal de galinhas poedeiras criadas no sistema free-range sem o uso de antibióticos, acessando a densidade de grupos bacterianos benéficos e nocivos a esses animais através do número de cópias dos genes 16S rRNA, por meio da análise de qPCR. A pesquisa foi conduzida em um galpão comercial com galinhas poedeiras da linhagem Lohmann Brown, avaliadas no período compreendido entre 13ª, 24ª e 63ª semanas de idade, ou seja, pré-pico de postura, pico e pós-pico de postura, respectivamente. As análises revelaram diferentes padrões de densidade dos simbiontes em relação às regiões estudas. Constatou-se maior densidade bacterina no segmento ceco, subsequente o íleo, jejuno e duodeno. A população das bactérias benéficas foi significativamente maior em comparação as bactérias patogênicas. A densidade do simbionte Bacteroide foi maior no ceco, seguido de Fusobacterium, e dentre as bactérias patogênicas Campylobacter apresentou maior densidade, mas inferior à Bacteroide. Lactobacillus e Bacteroides se destacaram nas demais regiões avaliadas. Os simbiontes intestinais estudados demonstraram crescimento diferencial ao longo do período estudo.
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