A hydrologic engineering analysis of a failed rangeland water control structure on the Buenos Aires national wildlife refuge
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv8n1-095Palavras-chave:
hydraulic structures, design capacity, hydrologic analysis, runoff, curve numberResumo
This report summarizes a hydrologic engineering analysis of a failed concrete drop spillway (broad-crested weir) water control structure at the outlet or “pour point” on the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (BANWR) watershed southwest of Tucson, AZ. The main objective was to determine the maximum flow the structure could pass without failure (discharge capacity) as well as the rainfall recurrence interval and duration which would result in a flood of a magnitude which would exceed the capacity of the spillway and thus likely lead to failure of the structure. The layout, function, and characterization of the watershed was established using modern software programs and available imagery. The discharge capacity of the concrete drop spillway was found to be 21.1 [m3s-1]. After evaluating results obtained from the Rational Method and the Curve Number (CN) Method (with assumptions of closed upper-watershed gates and stock pond retention having no effect), the spillway capacity was adequate to withhold runoff volumes generated from 10-yr to 25-yr recurrence interval rainfalls of variable durations and intensities provided the spatial extent of rainfall was limited to one of the two small sub-watersheds (Sub-watersheds A and B). However, if rainfall occurred over the entire watershed or Sub-watershed C then the spillway capacity was exceeded by runoff volumes generated for 10-yr and 25-yr recurrence interval rainfalls of all durations as well as all generated design storms of greater magnitude and intensity.
Referências
ASABE. (2016, November 22). ASABE Guide for Authors. Retrieved from asabe.org: https://www.asabe.org/Portals/0/aPubs/GuideForAuthors.pdf?ver=2018-05-09-160038-000
Branson, F. A., Gifford, G. F., Renard, K. G., & Hadley, R. F. (1981). Rangeland Hydrology. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.
Environmental Systems Research Institute. (2017). ArcGIS 10.5.1. Redlands, CA: esri.
Google Earth Pro. (2018, November 29). Google Earth. Retrieved September 7, 2017, from Google Earth: https://www.google.com/earth/
Google Maps. (2018, December 19). Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge Admin Building And Visitor Contact Station. Retrieved from Google Maps: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Buenos+Aires+National+Wildlife+Refuge+Admin+Building+And+Visitor+Contact+Station/@31.5719799,-111.5058042,15z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x2a372d18e0062418!8m2!3d31.5720017!4d-111.5057966
Haan, C., Barfield, B., & Hayes, J. (1994). Design Hydrology and Sedimentology for Small Catchments. Amsterdam: Academic Press.
Hawkins, R. H., & Barreto-Munoz, A. (2014, April). Wildcat 5 For Windows | Rainfall-Runoff Hydrograph Model. The University of Arizona | Tucson, Arizona, United States.
Leavengood, B. (2006). IN THE LAND OF GOOD WINDS: An Informal History of the Buenos Aires Ranch. Journal of Arizona History, 1-30.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2018). NOAA's National Weather Service | Hydrometeorological Design Studies Center | Precipitation Frequency Data Server (PFDS). Retrieved 2017, from https://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/
NRCS, USDA. (2018, 8 21). Web Soil Survey | Home Page. Retrieved 2017, from Web Soil Survey: https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm
NWS NOAA. (2019, February). Flood and flash flood definitions. Retrieved from weather.gov: https://www.weather.gov/mrx/flood_and_flash
Osborn, H. B., & Simanton, J. R. (1989). Gullies and Sediment Yield. Rangelands, 11(2), 51-56.
Pima Association of Governments. (2018). GIS Data and Maps. Retrieved November 29, 2018, from https://www.pagregion.com/Programs/TechnicalServices/GISDataandMaps/tabid/84/Default.aspx#LiDAR
Rango, A., Tartowski, S. L., Laliberte, A., Wainwright, J., & Parsons, A. (2006). Islands of hydrologically enhanced biotic productivity in natural and managed arid ecosystems. Journal of Arid Environments, 65(2), 235-252.
Richard H. Hawkins; Armando Barreto-Munoz | United States Dept. of Agriculture | U.S. Forest Service. (2016, April). Wildcat5 for Windows, A Rainfall-Runoff Hydrograph Model: User Manual and Documentation. Retrieved from fs.fed.us: https://www.fs.fed.us/biology/nsaec/assets/rmrs-gtr-334-508compliant.pdf
San Diego State University (SDSU). (2019, January 29). The Kirpich formula calculator. Retrieved from sdsu.edu: http://onlinetc.sdsu.edu/kirpich.php
San Diego State University. (2019, February 4). Discharge over a broad-crested weir. Retrieved from onlinechannel14: http://onlinecalc.sdsu.edu/onlinechannel14.php
Sayre, N. F. (2002). Ranching, Endangered Species, and Urbanization in the Southwest: Species of Capital. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.
Simas, M., & Hawkins, R. (1996). Lag time characteristics for small watersheds in the U.S. Retrieved from NRCS USDA: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/16/stelprdb1044199.pdf
Smart, P. (1995, August 31). HydroCAD | Understanding Hydrology. Retrieved from A Comparison of Hydrologic Methods: https://www.hydrocad.net/understanding.htm
Stromberg, J. C., Tiller, R., & Richter, B. (1996). Effects of Groundwater Decline on Riparian Vegetation of Semiarid Regions: The San Pedro, Arizona. Ecological Applications, 6(1), 113-131.
TeachuGis. (2017, September). TeachuGis: Basics on watershed delineation (playlist, 4 videos). Retrieved from YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLmZEgym3CibX6gp3IqJN2y2DUyiEAMHWv
Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). (2019, January 29). 4. Hydrology | Hydraulic Design Manual | Section 11: Time of Concentration. Retrieved from onlinemanuals.txdot.gov: http://onlinemanuals.txdot.gov/txdotmanuals/hyd/time_of_concentration.htm
Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). (2019, January 25). 4. Hydrology | Hydraulic Design Manual | Section 12: Rational Method. Retrieved from onlinemanuals.txdot.gov: http://onlinemanuals.txdot.gov/txdotmanuals/hyd/rational_method.htm
Thompson, D. B. (2006, September 20). The Rational Method*. Retrieved from drdbthompson.net: http://drdbthompson.net/writings/rational.pdf
United States Geological Survey. (1998, March 16). USGS Aerial Camera Specifications. Retrieved November 29, 2018, from https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/b5/downloads/2012AerialMappingCameraSpecifications.pdf
United States Geological Survey. (2018, November 29). Earth Explorer. Retrieved June 13, 2017, from https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/
USDA NRCS. (2010, May). Part 630 Hydrology | National Engineering Handbook. Retrieved from Chapter 15 | Time of Concentration: https://directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/OpenNonWebContent.aspx?content=27002.wba
Washington State University. (2019, February 13). Irrigation in the Pacific Northwest | Rectangular Contracted Weir. Retrieved from irrigation.wsu.edu: http://irrigation.wsu.edu/Content/Calculators/Water-Measurements/Rectangular-Contracted-Weir.php
Webb, R. H., & Leake, S. A. (2006). Ground-water surface-water interactions and long-term change in riverine riparian vegetation in the southwestern United States. Journal of Hydrology, 320(3-4), 302-323.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
- O conteúdo dos artigos é de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores.
- É permitida a reprodução total ou parcial do conteúdo dos artigos, desde que citada a fonte.
- Artigos com plágio serão recusados, e o autor do plágio perderá o direito de publicar nesta revista.
- Os nomes e endereços informados nesta revista serão utilizados exclusivamente para os serviços prestados por esta publicação e não estão disponíveis para outros fins ou a terceiros.
- Depois de enviar os artigos, os autores cedem os direitos autorais de seus artigos ao BJAER. Se você se arrepender da submissão, o autor tem o direito de solicitar ao BJAER que não publique seu artigo. Porém, essa solicitação deve ocorrer até dois meses antes da divulgação do número que o artigo será publicado.
- O BJAER usa a licença Creative Commons CC BY. Informações sobre esta licença podem ser encontradas em: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/br/
Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research (BJAER) se reserva o direito de efetuar nos originais alterações de ordem normativa, ortográfica e gramatical, com vistas a manter o padrão culto da língua, respeitando, porém, o estilo dos autores. Os trabalhos finais não serão enviadas aos autores.
