Toxicidade aguda de pesticida à base de Nim (Azadirachta indica A Juss) de uso em jardinagem e agricultura ao zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan)

Autores

  • Magda Regina Santiago

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv7n4-124

Palavras-chave:

neem, ecotoxicidade de Azadirachta indica, azadirachtin, zebrafish, agricultura orgânica, jardinagem

Resumo

As sementes de Nim (Azadirachta indica) contém muitos metabólitos secundários, sendo o limonóide azadirachtina, o mais importante. As propriedades inseticidas do Nim são conhecidas no controle de pragas. A ABNT (2010) preconiza o zebrafish (Danio rerio) como organismo para testes de substâncias químicas e biomonitoramento ambiental e o objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a ecotoxicidade de inseticida à base de A.indica aquele organismo. O produto testado foi o Sempre Verde Killer – Linha Ecológica, com concentração declarada ne rótulo de 0,30% de azadirachtina. Os resultados ratificam que o produto não deve ser utilizado próximo de recursos hídricos superficiais como rios e riachos, quando utilizado em agricultura orgânica, permitindo concluir que os produtos formulados podem apresentar maior toxicidade do que os ingredientes ativos puros.

Referências

Associação Brasileira de Normas – ABNT, 2010 - NBR15088. Ecotoxicologia Aquática – Toxicidade aguda – Método de ensaio com peixes. Pedido 223566

Barnard, D.R.; Xue, R.D. Laboratory evaluation of mosquito repellents against Aedes albopictus, Culex nigripalpus, and Ochlerotatus triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Med. Entomol. v.41, n. 4, p. 726–730, 2004. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585-41.4.726

Bernardi, M.M.; Dias, S.G.; Barbosa, V.E. Neurotoxicity of neem commercial formulation (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, v. 36, n. 3, p. 1276-1282, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2013.10.002

Bevilacqua, A.H.V.; Suffredini, I.B.; Bernardi, M. Neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) toxicity in Artemia sp: comparison of a commercial preparation and the pure oil. Rev. Inst. Ciências Saúde, v. 26, 2008, p. 157-160

Braga, T.M.; Rocha, L.; Chung, T.Y.; Oliveira, R.F.; Pinho, C.; Oliveira, A.I.; Morgado, J.; Cruz, A. Azadirachta indica A. Juss. In Vivo Toxicity—An Updated Review. Molecules, 26, 252, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020252. Acesso em 23/11/2024

Burton, E.A. Zebrafish. In Movement Disorders: Genetics and Models, 2nd ed.; Elsevier Inc.: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2015; p. 117–138, ISBN 9780124051959.

Gabr, B.M.; Lemmons J. M., El-Bokl M.M. Potential of neem oil extract® against Palmetto weevil larvae, Rhynchophorus cruentatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its impact on some detoxification enzymes. Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, v. 54:10470, 2022. DOI:10.4081/jear.2022.10470. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366416144_Potential_of_neem_oil_extractR_against_Palmetto_weevil_larvae_Rhynchophorus_cruentatus_Fabricius_Coleoptera_Curculionidae_and_its_impact_on_some_detoxification_enzymes. Acesso em 02/12/2024

Guilhermino, L.; Diamantino, T.; Carolina Silva, M.; Soares, A.M.V.M. Acute toxicity test with Daphnia magna: An alternative to mammals in the prescreening of chemical toxicity? Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. v. 46, n. 3, p. 357–362, 2000. doi: 10.1006/eesa.2000.1916.

Halder, J.; Kushwaha, D.; Rai, A.B.; Singh, A.; Singh, B. Potential of entomopathogens and neem oil against two emerging insect pests of vegetables. Indian J. Agric. Sci. v. 87, n.2, p. 220–224, 2017.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313673382_Potential_of_entomopathogens_and_neem_oil_against_two_emerging_insect_pests_of_vegetables

Hummel, H.E.; Detlef, H.F.; Ley, S. V. et al. Twenty five years of azadirachtins (1986-2011). - Pestycydy/Pesticides v. 1-4, p. 49–56, 2011. https://wydawnictwa.ipo.lukasiewicz.gov.pl/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Hans-E-hummel.pdf

Isman, M.B. Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. - Annu. Rev. Entomol. 51: 45–66, 2006.

Kumar, V.; Deshwal, B.; Thalluri, R.; Meena, S. Biopesticides as Promising Alternatives to Traditional Approaches. Vigyan Varta, v. 3, p. 73–76, 2022.

Loeblein-Verdério, J. S.; Alves, L. F. A.; Rode, P. A.; Bordin, C.; Fetter, I.; Guimarães, A. T. B. Activity of an azadirachtin-based product against Gyropsylla spegazziniana (Lizer and Trelles, 1919) and its interaction with the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Ci. Fl., Santa Maria, v. 34, n. 1, e71211, p. 1-23, Jan./Mar. 2024. https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509871211

Mady H.; Ahmed, M.; EL NAMAKY, A. Effciency of Origanum majorana essential oil as insecticidal against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus the red palm weevil (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). - J. Biopestic. v. 14, p. 32–40, 2021.

https://doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.14.1.32-40

Martinez, S.S. O NIM: Azadirachta indica: natureza, usos múltiplos, produção. Instituto Agronômico do Paraná - IAPAR; Londrina, 2ª ed; 2011. 205 p.

Martins, J.; Oliva Teles, L.; Vasconcelos, V. Assays with Daphnia magna and Danio rerio as alert systems in aquatic toxicology. Environ. Int. 2007, v. 33, p. 414–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2006.12.006

Mondal, D.; Barat, S.; Mukhopadhyay, M.K. Toxicity of neem pesticides on a fresh water loach, Lepidocephalichthys guntea (Hamilton Buchanan) of Darjeeling district in West Bengal. J Environ Biol. v. 28, n. 1, p. 119-122. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17717997/

Omoregie, E; Okpanachi, M.A. Growth of Tilapia zilli exposed to sublethal concentrations of crude extracts of Azadirachta indica. Acta Hydrobiol., v. 34, p. 281-286, 1992

Pavela, R.; Kazda J.; Herda G. - Effectiveness of Neem (Azadirachta indica) insecticides against Brassica pod midge (Dasineura brassicae Winn.). J. Pest Sci. v. 82, n. 3, p. 235–240. 2009. DOI:10.1007/s10340-009-0244-2

Rehimi, N.; Alouani, A.; Soltani, N. Efficacy of azadirachtin against mosquito larvae Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) under laboratory conditions. - Eur. J. Sci. Res. 57, p. 223-229, 2011. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271196170_Efficacy_of_Azadirachtin_against_Mosquito_Larvae_Culex_pipiens_Diptera_Culicidae_under_Laboratory_Conditions

Santiago, M.R.; Salvo, L.M.; Badaró-Pedroso, C.; Elaine Maria Frade Costa. Single and mixed exposure to distinct groups of pesticides suggests endocrine disrupting properties of imidacloprid in zebrafish embryos, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B. DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2184158. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Senthil-Nathan. Physiological and biochemical effect of neem and other Meliaceae plants secondary metabolites against Lepidopteran insects. - Front. Physiol, Sec. Invertebrate Physiology, v. 4, Dec, 2013. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2013.00359/full. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Schneider, L.C.L.; Silva, C.V. da; Conte, H. Toxic effect of commercial formulations of neem oil, Azadirachta indica A. Juss., in pupae and adults of the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Arq. Inst. Biol. v. 84, p. 1–8, e0432014, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000432014. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Suvetha, L.; Ramesh, M.; Saravanan, M. Influence of cypermethrin toxicity on ionic regulationand gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity of a freshwater teleost fish Cyprinus carpio. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. v. 29, n. 1, p. 44-49, 2010.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2009.09.005

Tiwari, S., Singh, A., 2006. Biochemical stress response in freshwater fish Channa punctatus inducedby aqueous extracts of Euphorbia tirucalli plant. Chemosphere, v. 64, n.1, p. 36-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.11.049

Valizadeh, B.; Sendi, J.J.; Zibaee, A.; Oftadeh, M. Effect of Neem based insecticide Achook ® on mortality, biological and biochemical parameters of elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola (Col.: Chrysomelidae). J. Crop Prot. v. 2, n. 3, p. 319-330, 2013. https://jcp.modares.ac.ir/article-3-233-en.pdf. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Weathersbee, A.A.; Tang, Y.Q. Effect of neem seed extract on feeding, growth, survival, and reproduction of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 95: 661–667, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-95.4.661. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Winkaler, E.U.; Santos, T.R.; Machado-Neto, J.G.; Martinez, C.B. Acute lethal and sublethal effects of neem leaf extract on the neotropical freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C: Toxicol. Pharmacol. v. 145, n. 2, p. 236-244, 2007. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.12.009. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Wondafrash, M.; Getu, E.; Terefe, G. Neem, Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) Extracts Negatively Influenced Growth and Development of African Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Acad. J. Entomol. v. 5, n. 1, p. 22–27, 2012. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236158363_Neem_Azadirachta_indica_A_Juss_Extracts_Negatively_Influenced_Growth_and_Development_of_African_Bollworm_Helicoverpa_armigera_Hubner_Lepidoptera_Noctuidae. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Yadav, R.; Singh, S.; Singh, A.N., 2022 - Biopesticides: Current status and future prospects. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, v. 12, n. 3, p. 211-233, 2022. http://www.iaees.org/publications/journals/piaees/articles/2022-12(3)/biopesticides-current-status-and-future-prospects.pdf. Acesso em 03/12/2024

Yan, T.K.; Asari, A.; Salleh, S.A.; Azmi, W.A. Eugenol and Thymol Derivatives as Antifeedant Agents against Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera:

Dryophthoridae) larvae. Insects, v. 12, n. 6, 551, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12060551 Acesso em 03/12/2024

Downloads

Publicado

2024-12-10

Como Citar

Santiago, M. R. (2024). Toxicidade aguda de pesticida à base de Nim (Azadirachta indica A Juss) de uso em jardinagem e agricultura ao zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan). Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research, 7(4), e75773. https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv7n4-124

Edição

Seção

Artigos originais