Relationships between extracellular microcystin LR and fecal bacterial indicators in a shallow urban lake: the Ypacarai Lake (Paraguay)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv7n3-079Palavras-chave:
water quality, cyanobacteria, coliform, E.coli, cyanotoxinResumo
Ypacarai Lake is one of the main tourist destinations in Paraguay. In summer, the main water quality concerns are those that threaten the primary uses as drinking water capitation sources and recreational contacts on the beaches. The study aimed to determine the concentrations of cyanobacteria, microcystins, and bacterial fecal indicators (FIB) to obtain information regarding exposure to recreational activities, contribute to baseline data for stakeholders, and determine patterns of behavior of the variables in the system studied during December 2016 to March 2017. 12 weekly samplings on San Bernardino, Aregua, and Ypacarai beaches, laboratory analysis of FIB, cyanobacteria, and microcystin LR, were performed according to official methodologies. The principal components analysis (PCA) was used with the dataset to find patterns of the system behavior. The analyses were performed using Past® software. In the study period, no cell counts could be classified as a bloom (1982 cel / mL), and microcystin concentrations were low (0.88 ppb). The PCA presented significant results with an explained variance of 52.11 and 22.54% in the first two components. From the results, it is possible to observe a predictable relationship between the concentration of toxins and the amount of cyanobacteria. There are no clear patterns concerning the sampling sites. From the results, we conclude that there is a relationship between the microbiological indicators and the presence of cyanobacteria, and that the appearance of cyanobacteria leads to a temporary increase of microcystins months after their appearance.
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