Detection of Leishmania infantum in a naturally infected horse in an endemic area for Leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil

Detecção de Leishmania infantum em equino naturalmente infectado em uma área endêmica para Leishmaniose no Nordeste do Brasil

Autores

  • Janilene de Oliveira Nascimento
  • João Victor de Jesus
  • Michelle Evangelista Soares
  • Leucio Câmara Alves
  • Matheus Resende Oliveira
  • Daiana do Carmo Santos Batista
  • Weslania Souza Inacio da Silva
  • Camenas Vieira Barata
  • Manoel Benicio Oliveira Neto
  • Maria Eduarda Storti de Melo
  • Michele Lima de Gois
  • Victor Fernando Santana Lima

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv7n1-053

Palavras-chave:

equidae, immunohistochemistry, Leishmania, parasitism

Resumo

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania and transmitted by vectors of the species Lutzomyia longipalpis. The disease can present in two forms: the cutaneous form (Cutaneous Leishmaniasis) and the visceral form (Visceral Leishmaniasis). Its main hosts are domestic canids, but it can parasitize other diverse species such as rodents, possums, foxes, non-human primates, edentulous primates, domestic cats, and even equids, although this is infrequent. Study objective: Due to the scarcity of reports on Leishmaniasis in horses. Added to this, taking into account the susceptibility of horses to infection by many species of Leishmania and the fact that the vast majority of cases are asymptomatic, the objective of this study was to report a case of equine leishmaniasis in the state of Pernambuco. Results and discussion: A male horse, of the Manga Larga Machador breed, four years old, residing in the municipality of Bezerros- PE, Northeast of Brazil, was treated. On physical examination, the presence of ulcerated and non-ulcerated nodular lesions was observed on the face close to the masseter muscle, in the ventrodorsal region, and below the humeroradiounar joint. Presence of papules in the neck region. In the blood count, normocytic normochromic anemia, and leukocytosis due to neutrophilia and eosinophilia were observed. In the parasitological diagnosis through immunohistochemistry, the presence of Leishmania sp. amastigotes was observed. As a therapeutic protocol, injectable marbofloxacin was used for this patient at a dosage of 2mg/kg once a day, intramuscularly for 28 days. Conclusion: Horses infected by L. infantum may present dermatological lesions. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are recommended, as it is suggested that the use of marbofloxacin provides good results in the regression of skin lesions in these cases. However, more studies are needed to investigate the epidemiology and pathophysiology of this disease in horses.

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Publicado

2024-03-20

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Nascimento, J. de O., Jesus, J. V. de, Soares, M. E., Alves, L. C., Oliveira, M. R., Batista, D. do C. S., Silva, W. S. I. da, Barata, C. V., Oliveira Neto, M. B., Melo, M. E. S. de, Gois, M. L. de, & Lima, V. F. S. (2024). Detection of Leishmania infantum in a naturally infected horse in an endemic area for Leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil: Detecção de Leishmania infantum em equino naturalmente infectado em uma área endêmica para Leishmaniose no Nordeste do Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research, 7(1), 704–716. https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv7n1-053

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