Securing patient data with DNA-Driven symmetric encryption: a novel approach to confidential QR code transmission in healthcare
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38152/bjtv7n3-005Keywords:
DNA cryptography, QR code, encryption, decryption, huffman coding, patient privacyAbstract
Preserving patient privacy is an obligation for any healthcare provider. It is an act of mutual trust between the patient and his medical staff. QR code is useful for ensuring a fast and flexible data transfer between different mobile devices, however the easy extraction of the data included in these codes by simple scanning presents a serious privacy threat particularly when dealing with sensitive information such as mandatory reporting diseases. In this paper, authors propose a secure QR code to encode a patient's data and make it non-unintelligible for unauthorized persons. It consists of a DNA-based symmetric encryption using DNA sequences and Huffman coding in its encryption/decryption phases. The proposed approach involves generating a unique and secure QR code for each patient's information. Due to its small size, it offers a simple solution for transferring patient data, reducing internet capacity requirements and minimizing latency.
References
ADLEMAN, L. M. Molecular Computation of Solutions to Combinatorial Problems. Science, vol. 266, no. 5187, p. 1021–1024, 11 Nov. 1994. DOI 10.1126/science.7973651. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7973651.
BASU, S.; KARUPPIAH, M.; NASIPURI, M.; HALDER, A. K.; RADHAKRISHNAN, N. Bio-inspired cryptosystem with DNA cryptography and neural networks. Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 94, p. 24–31, 1 Mar. 2019. DOI 10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.005. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.005.
BENYAHIA, K.; MUSTAPHA, M.; ABDELKRIM, L. A Bio-Inspired Algorithm for Symmetric Encryption. International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 1–13, 1 Jan. 2020. DOI 10.4018/ijoci.2020010101. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4018/ijoci.2020010101.
BENYAHIA, Kadda ; KHOBZAOUI, Abdelkader ; BENBAKRETI, Soumia. DNA sequences for robust encryption : a strategy for IoT security enhancement. STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES, vol. 5, no 1, p. 1296-1316, 22 avril 2024. Disponible sur : https://doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n1-067.
BONEH D. ; DUNWORTH C. ; LIPTON R. J. Breaking DES using a molecular computer. DNA based computers, vol. 27, p. 37-66, 1995.
CUI, G.; QIN, L.; WANG, Y.; ZHANG, X. An encryption scheme using DNA technology. 1 Sep. 2008. DOI 10.1109/bicta.2008.4656701. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/bicta.2008.4656701.
DALLAL, N. H. R. H. A.; MUKHTAR, N. W. N. M. A. A QR Code Used for Personal Information Based On Multi-Layer Encryption System. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), vol. 17, no. 09, p. 44–56, 10 May 2023c. DOI 10.3991/ijim.v17i09.38777. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v17i09.38777.
GEHANI, A.; LABEAN, T. H.; REIF, J. H. DNA-based Cryptography. Lecture notes in computer science. [S. l.: s. n.], 2003. p. 167–188. DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-24635-0_12. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24635-0_12.
GENBANK. Springer eBooks. [S. l.: s. n.], 2006. p. 642. DOI 10.1007/3-540-29623-9_7131. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29623-9_7131. Accessed: 27 Apr. 2024.
KASSEL, R. Le codage de Huffman : Description et mode d’emploi. 17 Mar. 2024. Formation Data Science | DataScientest.com. Available at: https://datascientest.com/codage-de-huffman-tout-savoir. Accessed: 21 may. 2024.
KHOBZAOUI, A.; BENYAHIA, K.; MANSOURI, B.; BOUKLI-HACENE, S. DNA-Based Cryptographic Method for the Internet of Things. International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 1–12, 5 Jav. 2022. DOI 10.4018/ijoci.2022010101. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4018/ijoci.2022010101.
LIPTON R. J. Using DNA to solve NP-complete problems. science, vol. 268, no. 4, p. 542-545, 1995.Available from: https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14142979
MEDICAL RECORDS DATASET. 28 Mar. 2023. Kaggle. Available at: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/cankatsrc/medical-records-dataset?resource=download. Accessed: 25 May. 2024.
MITTRA, P.; RAKESH, N. A desktop application of QR code for data security and authentication. 1 Aug. 2016. DOI 10.1109/inventive.2016.7824809. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/inventive.2016.7824809.
SARAH A. Deoxyribonucleic-Acid. 2 janv. 2024. Available at : https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Deoxyribonucleic-Acid. Accessed:: 16 janv. 2024.
SHIN, D.-H.; JUNG, J.; CHANG, B.-H. The psychology behind QR codes: User experience perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 28, no. 4, p. 1417–1426, 1 Jul. 2012b. DOI 10.1016/j.chb.2012.03.004. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.03.004.
TEJA, M. T. R. M.; PRAVEEN, K. Prevention of Phishing Attacks Using QR Code Safe Authentication. Lecture notes in networks and systems. [S. l.: s. n.], 2022. p. 361–372. DOI 10.1007/978-981-16-6723-7_27. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6723-7_27.
TIWARI, H. D.; KIM, J. H. Novel Method for DNA-Based Elliptic Curve Cryptography for IoT Devices. ETRI Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, p. 396–409, 1 Jun. 2018. DOI 10.4218/etrij.2017-0220. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2017-0220.
TJAHYADI, S. Development of QR Code-based Data Sharing Web Application using System Development Life Cycle Method. Journal of Information System and Technology, vol. 2, no. 2, p. 64–73, 18 Oct. 2021. DOI 10.37253/joint.v2i2.6090. Available at: https://journal.uib.ac.id/index.php/joint/article/download/6090/2023.
TORNEA, O.; BORDA, M. E. Security and complexity of a DNA-based cipher. 1 Jan. 2013. DOI 10.1109/roedunet.2013.6511755. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/roedunet.2013.6511755.
YASA, K.; SUKARATA, P.; PUTRA, G.; NUGROHO, I.; ASTAWA, I. Secure Electronic Document with QR Code and RSA Digital Signature Algorithm. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science, 1 Jan. 2021. DOI 10.5220/0010965600003260. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5220/0010965600003260.
ZHANG, Y.; LIU, X.; MA, Y.; CHENG, L.-C. An optimized DNA based encryption scheme with enforced secure key distribution. Cluster Computing, vol. 20, no. 4, p. 3119–3130, 28 Jun. 2017. DOI 10.1007/s10586-017-1009-y. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-017-1009-y.
