Segurança e eficácia do uso de análogos de GLP-1 em crianças e adolescentes obesas: uma revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv9n1-185Keywords:
análogos de GLP-1, tratamento, obesidade infantilAbstract
A obesidade infantil e adolescente é uma condição crônica, multifatorial e de prevalência crescente, reconhecida atualmente como um dos principais desafios de saúde pública mundial. Os análogos de GLP-1 surgem como uma opção promissora para o combate à obesidade infantil. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo visa analisar as evidências disponíveis sobre a segurança e eficácia desses agentes na faixa etária pediátrica. Diante do exposto, esta revisão integrativa foi baseada em 28 estudos baseados no uso de análogos de GLP-1 para redução do peso em crianças e adolescentes. Utilizou-se a estratégia PICO e as seguintes bases de dados para a seleção dos artigos: PubMed, Science Direct e na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). Os resultados apontam que análogos de GLP-1 são eficazes na redução do peso corporal de crianças e adolescentes. A administração de liraglutida (3,0 mg/dia) resultou em uma redução média de peso corporal de 5,06 kg. A semaglutida também mostrou resultado eficaz com 73% dos participantes atingindo redução ≥5% no IMC, em relação a 18% no grupo placebo. No que tange aos eventos adversos, 64,8% dos adolescentes (12 a 18 anos) apresentaram sintomas gastrointestinais, enquanto essa proporção foi de 37,5% entre as crianças (7 a 11 anos). O que permite concluir que os análogos de GLP-1 constituem uma alternativa terapêutica promissora para o tratamento da obesidade infantojuvenil. Contudo, sua utilização deve ser criteriosa, contextualizada e integrada a intervenções multidimensionais.
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