Associação entre a Doença de Alzheimer e transtornos do sono: uma revisão de literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv9n1-164Keywords:
Alzheimer, distúrbios do sono, beta-amiloideAbstract
A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é uma condição neurodegenerativa progressiva e irreversível, cuja fisiopatologia é caracterizada pelo acúmulo extracelular do peptídeo β-amiloide (Aβ) e pela deposição intracelular de proteína tau hiperfosforilada como emaranhados neurofibrilares, resultando em perda neuronal e sináptica, e comprometimento das funções cognitivas. Evidências atuais indicam que distúrbios do sono exercem papel significativo tanto sobre o agravamento da susceptibilidade quanto contribuem ativamente para a progressão da DA, caracterizando uma interação bidirecional. Este estudo se refere a uma revisão integrativa, realizando o levantamento nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e SciELO dos descritores “Alzheimer Disease”, “Sleep Wake Disorders”, e “Association”, tendo sido pesquisadas as publicações dos últimos cinco anos, sendo selecionados 35 estudos. A análise dos resultados demonstra que as alterações de insônia, apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS), funções do ritmo circadiano e fragmentação acentuada do sono têm diretamente relação à maior vulnerabilidade ao desenvolvimento da DA e à sua progressão. Dessa forma, terapias de intervenção, tais como o uso de antagonistas dos receptores de orexina (DORA) e a utilização da pressão positiva da via aérea contínua (CPAP), foram demonstradas na melhora da qualidade do sono e consequentemente na evolução da DA. Neste sentido, a conduta apropriada dos distúrbios do sono se torna um elemento fundamental tanto na prevenção quanto no controle da progressão da Doença de Alzheimer.
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