Desenvolvimento tecnológico, caracterização e avaliação da liberação in vitro de micropartículas poliméricas contendo timomodulina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv9n1-094Keywords:
HPMC, imunomodulador, liberação prolongada, polipeptídeo, poloxâmero 188, spray-dryingAbstract
Timomodulina (TMD) é um extrato polipeptídico do timo de vitelo com ação imunomoduladora, porém seu uso clínico é limitado pela necessidade de administração parenteral prolongada. Neste trabalho, desenvolveram-se micropartículas poliméricas mucoadesivas contendo TMD, como alternativa de liberação modificada, visando melhorar a adesão ao tratamento. Formulações com 5%, 10% e 20% de TMD foram preparadas por secagem por aspersão (spray-drying) usando hidroxipropilmetilcelulose (HPMC) e poloxâmero 188. As micropartículas obtidas apresentaram morfologia predominantemente esférica/distorcida, superfície lisa a rugosa, e tamanho médio em torno de 10 µm. O método colorimétrico (Lowry) empregado para quantificação de TMD foi seletivo e linear, revelando eficiências de encapsulamento elevadas (84,4–98,6%). A difração de raios X indicou que o TMD se encontra majoritariamente disperso amorfamente na matriz polimérica. Espectros de FTIR confirmaram a ausência de interações químicas entre fármaco e polímeros. Análises térmicas (TG e DSC) evidenciaram que a incorporação em matriz polimérica conferiu proteção térmica ao TMD, reduzindo eventos de degradação. Em tampão fosfato pH 6,8, as formulações com 10% e 20% de TMD apresentaram liberação in vitro lenta e sustentada, liberando cerca de 23% do fármaco em 3 horas (eficiências de dissolução ~7,7%). Os resultados demonstram que as micropartículas de TMD obtidas por spray-drying constituem uma estratégia promissora para novas formas farmacêuticas de liberação prolongada do imunomodulador.
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