Eficácia das intervenções psicossociais na prevenção e redução da Síndrome de Burnout em estudantes de medicina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n6-198Keywords:
esgotamento psicológico, estudantes de medicina, saúde mentalAbstract
Considerando que a síndrome de burnout tem se tornado uma das principais causas de sofrimento psíquico entre estudantes de medicina, em decorrência da elevada carga acadêmica, da pressão por desempenho e do ambiente competitivo, reconhece-se a importância de compreender a eficácia das intervenções psicossociais na prevenção e redução desse quadro. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a eficácia das intervenções psicossociais implementadas para a prevenção e redução da síndrome de burnout em estudantes de medicina, identificando quais estratégias se mostram mais efetivas na promoção da saúde mental e do bem-estar desses acadêmicos. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com base na estratégia PICO, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed Central (PMC), Periódicos CAPES e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram empregados os descritores “Burnout, Psychological”, “Students, Medical” e “Mental Health”, combinados com o operador booleano AND. A busca resultou em 2.351 artigos, dos quais, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 17 estudos para análise. Os resultados demonstram que intervenções estruturadas, como programas de mindfulness, terapia cognitivo-comportamental, atividades físicas e ações institucionais de apoio psicológico, têm se mostrado eficazes na redução da exaustão emocional e no fortalecimento da resiliência. Dessa forma, o estudo evidencia a relevância de abordagens integradas e sustentáveis de promoção da saúde mental, capazes de favorecer não apenas o desempenho acadêmico, mas também o desenvolvimento de médicos mais equilibrados, empáticos e conscientes da importância do autocuidado.
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