Triagem e disparidades na prevalência do câncer do colo do útero em Sergipe (2015–2025)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n6-195Keywords:
câncer do colo do útero, prevalência, mulheres, SergipeAbstract
O Câncer de Colo do Útero (CCU), é o terceiro câncer mais comum entre mulheres, está ligado ao HPV (Papilomavirus Humano) e pode evoluir sem sintomas. A prevenção inclui o exame Papanicolau a cada três anos e testes moleculares a cada cinco anos, além da vacinação contra HPV para meninas entre 9 e 14 anos. Entre os fatores de riscos incluem atividade sexual precoce, tabagismo e uso prolongado de anticoncepcionais. Em Sergipe, o CCU foi o segundo mais comum entre 2014 a 2019, com 220 novos casos previstos em 2025. Sendo assim entende-se que é indispensável que mulheres acima de 30 anos estejam cientes da necessidade de prevenção e detecção precoce. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao Carcinoma Epidermoide Invasor do colo do útero (CEI) no estado de Sergipe, entre 2015 a 2025, considerando variáveis de idade, raça/cor e adesão à triagem. Para isto, foi realizado um levantamento abrangendo o período da década citada a cima, para identificar mulheres a partir de 30 anos ou mais diagnosticadas com CEI. Os dados foram obtidos por meio do SISCAN. Analisou o perfil das mulheres em relação ao resultado de citologia anterior no ano correspondente, sua etnia e faixa etária. Este estudo enfatiza a importância de exames regulares para detecção precoce do CEI. Observou-se que mulheres que nunca realizaram o exame têm maior incidência de CEI, enquanto aquelas que o fizeram apresentaram maior prevalência. A triagem regular do câncer cervical é essencial para reduzir a incidência do CEI, mais prevalente em mulheres sem rastreamento, de cor amarela e em faixas etárias mais avançadas, reforçando a necessidade de políticas públicas de prevenção.
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