Reconhecimento precoce e manejo inicial do delirium hospitalar: estratégias práticas para diagnóstico rápido e conduta efetiva pela equipe médica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n6-179Keywords:
delirium, diagnóstico precoce, unidade de terapia intensivaAbstract
Considerando que o delirium hospitalar é uma perturbação neuropsiquiátrica aguda, reversível e geralmente subdiagnosticada, especialmente em pacientes idosos e críticos, torna-se imprescindível entender as estratégias que favorecem seu reconhecimento e manejo precoce. Objetiva-se analisar e discutir as condutas mais resolutivas para o diagnóstico rápido e tratamento inicial do delirium, destacando o papel da equipe multiprofissional e a aplicação de protocolos baseados em evidências. Dessa forma, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science e SciELO, abrangendo estudos publicados entre 2020 e 2025 sobre diagnóstico, prevenção e manejo clínico do delirium hospitalar. Desse modo, notou-se que o uso de instrumentos validados como o Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), o CAM-ICU e o 4AT, junto à implementação do protocolo ABCDEF e às medidas não farmacológicas, constitui a abordagem mais efetiva para reduzir complicações, tempo de internação e mortalidade. Conclui-se que o enfrentamento eficaz do delirium hospitalar requer educação contínua das equipes, padronização de protocolos e integração multiprofissional, promovendo maior segurança e qualidade assistencial.
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