O papel da cirurgia no tromboembolismo pulmonar grave: evidências e desafios atuais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n4-081Keywords:
tromboembolismo pulmonar, embolectomia, cirurgia pulmonar, trombectomia, tratamento cirúrgicoAbstract
O tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) grave representa uma emergência médica com alta mortalidade, exigindo intervenções rápidas e eficazes. Este artigo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura científica sobre as abordagens cirúrgicas no tratamento do TEP grave, com foco em suas indicações, técnicas utilizadas e desfechos clínicos. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura realizada por meio de pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO e Google Scholar. Foram incluídos 18 estudos publicados entre 2000 e 2025. Os resultados apontam que, embora a anticoagulação e a trombólise permaneçam como tratamentos de primeira linha, as abordagens cirúrgicas, como a embolectomia pulmonar aberta e os métodos percutâneos (FlowTriever, AngioJet, Hydrolyser), têm se mostrado eficazes em pacientes com contraindicação à trombólise ou com deterioração hemodinâmica. Conclui-se que a escolha da abordagem deve ser individualizada, considerando-se a gravidade do quadro, a disponibilidade de recursos e a experiência da equipe médica.
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