Development and characterization of polyphosphazene-based biomaterials for biomedical applications: investigations on mechanical properties and biocompatibility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n4-032Keywords:
drug delivery systems, regenerative medicine, nanotechnologyAbstract
The study aimed to develop new materials with potential for use in various healthcare applications, especially in medical devices and tissue regeneration systems. The research started with the synthesis of versatile polymers capable of having their properties adjusted according to specific needs, allowing the creation of safer and more efficient materials for the human body. The focus was on understanding how the structural characteristics of these materials influence their performance in biological environments. The investigations included testing the mechanical properties of the biomaterials to ensure that they offer adequate strength, elasticity, and flexibility to meet the demands of the biological environment in which they will be applied. Additionally, biocompatibility studies were conducted to verify that the materials do not induce adverse reactions such as inflammation or rejection. So far, the results have been very promising, as the developed polyphosphazenes have shown excellent potential for tailoring their properties, as well as demonstrating good interaction with cells and tissues. This combination of characteristics paves the way for the use of these biomaterials in various biomedical applications, such as the development of prostheses, scaffolds for tissue regeneration, and intelligent systems for controlled drug delivery. The work highlights the importance of investing in innovative and adaptable materials that can improve quality of life and offer new solutions in the field of regenerative medicine and advanced therapy.
References
ALLCOCK, H. R.; CHEN, C. Polyphosphazenes: phosphorus in inorganic-organic polymers. Journal of Organic Chemistry, v. 85, n. 22, p. 14286-14297, 2020.
BRITO, J.; MOON, J.; HLUSHKO, R.; ALIAKSEYEU, A.; ANDRIANOV, A. K.; SUKHISHVILI, S. A. Engineering degradation rate of polyphosphazene-based layer-by-layer polymer coatings. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, v. 15, p. 26, 2024.
CHATTERJEE, S.; HUI, P. C.; KAN, C. W. Thermoresponsive hydrogels and their biomedical applications: special insight into their applications in textile based transdermal therapy. Polymers, v. 10, n. 5, p. 480, 2018.
GHOLIVAND, K.; MOHAMMADPOUR, M.; ALAVINASAB ARDEBILI, S. A.; et al. Fabrication and examination of polyorganophosphazene/polycaprolactone-based scaffold with degradation, in vitro and in vivo behaviors suitable for tissue engineering applications. Scientific Reports, v. 12, p. 18407, 2022.
HOU, S.; ZHOU, S.; CHEN, S.; LU, Q. Polyphosphazene-based drug self-framed delivery system as a universal intelligent platform for combination therapy against multidrug-resistant tumors. ACS Applied Bio Materials, v. 3, p. 2284-2294, 2020.
ILAYAPERUMAL, P.; CHELLADURAI, P.; VAIRAN, K.; ANILKUMAR, P.; BALAGURUSAMY, B. Polyphosphazenes – a promising candidate for drug delivery, bioimaging and tissue engineering: a review. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, v. 308, n. 4, p. 2200553, 2023.
JIN, G. W.; REJINOLD, N. S.; CHOY, J. H. Polyphosphazene-based biomaterials for biomedical applications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 23, n. 24, p. 15993, 2022.
JIN, G. W.; REJINOLD, N. S.; CHOY, J. H. Polyphosphazene-based biomaterials for biomedical applications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 23, n. 24, p. 15993, 2022.
MEHMOOD, S. et al. Cross-linked poly (cyclotriphosphazene-co-phloretin) microspheres and their application for controlled drug delivery. Macromolecular Research, v. 30, p. 623-630, 2022.
OGUERI, K. S.; ALLCOCK, H. R.; LAURENCIN, C. T. Generational biodegradable and regenerative polyphosphazene polymers and their blends with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid). Progress in Polymer Science, v. 98, p. 101146, 2019.
OGUERI, K. S.; OGUERI, K. S.; UDE, C. C.; ALLCOCK, H. R.; LAURENCIN, C. T. Biomedical applications of polyphosphazenes. Medical Devices & Sensors, v. 3, n. 6, e10113, 2020.
ÖRUM, S. M. Intrinsically fluorescent and quercetin loaded highly cross-linked polyphosphazene nanospheres: synthesis, characterization, and fluorescence properties. Turkish Journal of Chemistry, v. 46, p. 1269-1280, 2022.
ÖRUM, S. M. Novel cyclomatrix polyphosphazene nanospheres: preparation, characterization and dual anti-cancer drug release application. Polymer Bulletin, v. 79, p. 2851-2869, 2022.
SHEN, Y.; HU, Y.; QIU, L. Nano-vesicles based on phospholipid-like amphiphilic polyphosphazenes to orally deliver ovalbumin antigen for evoking anti-tumor immune response. Acta Biomaterialia, v. 106, p. 267-277, 2020.
STRASSER, P.; SCHINEGGER, V.; FRISKE, J.; BRÜGGEMANN, O.; HELBICH, T. H.; TEASDALE, I.; PASHKUNOVA-MARTIC, I. Superfluorinated, highly water-soluble polyphosphazenes as potential 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, v. 15, p. 40, 2024.
STRASSER, P.; SCHINEGGER, V.; FRISKE, J.; et al. Superfluorinated, highly water-soluble polyphosphazenes as potential 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Journal of Functional Biomaterials, v. 15, n. 2, p. 40, 2024.
SZTORCH, B.; DARIUSZ, B.; DARIA, P.; MIŁOSZ, F.; ZDENO, Š.; ROBERT, E. P. Natural and synthetic polymer fillers for applications in 3D printing—FDM technology area. Solids, v. 3, p. 508-548, 2022.
WANG, M.; MEQUANINT, K. Preparation and microscopic mechanical characterization of L-methionine-based polyphosphazene fibrous mats for vascular tissue engineering. Pharmaceutics, v. 15, p. 2546, 2023.
