Erythropoietin for children with anemia to neuroprotection: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n3-192Keywords:
erythropoietin, anemia, neuroprotection, pediatric, endogenous response, safetyAbstract
Introduction: Anemia in pediatric populations, particularly among preterm infants, presents significant challenges for neurodevelopment and overall health outcomes. Erythropoietin (EPO) has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent, offering both hematopoietic and neuroprotective properties. However, concerns persist regarding optimal dosing and potential adverse effects from endogenous responses. Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of erythropoietin (EPO) in treating pediatric anemia while assessing its neuroprotective properties and potential endogenous response risks. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases through September 2024. Three randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria, encompassing 915 preterm infants with mean gestational ages of 26-29 weeks. Studies were evaluated for EPO's effects on anemia treatment, neurological outcomes, and adverse events. Results: The analysis demonstrated EPO's safety profile with no significant endogenous response complications. However, no substantial improvements in long-term neurological outcomes were observed compared to placebo groups. The incidence of complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity was comparable between EPO-treated and control groups. Conclusions: While EPO demonstrates safety in treating pediatric anemia without triggering excessive endogenous responses, evidence for its neuroprotective benefits remains inconclusive.
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