Análise comparativa das alterações da pressão intraocular durante e após a facoemulsificação e a cirurgia de catarata assistida por laser de femtossegundo em pacientes sem patologias oculares
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n2-110Keywords:
catarata, pressão intraocular, facoemulsificação, laser de femtossegundo, cirurgia oftalmológicaAbstract
A catarata é uma das principais causas de cegueira reversível no mundo, afetando milhões de pessoas globalmente, especialmente em populações vulneráveis (LIU, Y. C. et al, 2017). Diante dos avanços tecnológicos na cirurgia de catarata, a escolha entre a facoemulsificação convencional e a cirurgia assistida por laser de femtossegundo continua sendo um tema de grande relevância, especialmente quanto às alterações da Pressão Intraocular (PIO) durante e após o procedimento. Objetiva-se, neste estudo, analisar comparativamente essas alterações em pacientes sem patologias oftalmológicas prévias. Para tanto, procede-se a uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando artigos das bases de dados PubMed e Science Direct. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 33 artigos foram selecionados para análise. Os resultados indicam que ambas as técnicas promovem redução significativa da PIO no pós-operatório, sendo que a facoemulsificação proporciona uma recuperação mais rápida e menor risco de complicações. No entanto, o laser de femtossegundo demonstrou causar aumentos transitórios da PIO imediatamente após o procedimento, embora essa variação se normalize em até 30 minutos. Conclui-se que a escolha da técnica cirúrgica deve considerar as características individuais do paciente, garantindo segurança e eficácia na restauração da visão. Estudos futuros são recomendados para elucidar melhor os impactos a longo prazo das diferentes abordagens na PIO e nos desfechos visuais.
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