Impacto da braquiterapia no controle de sintomas decorrentes da neoplasia de cabeça e pescoço e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv7n9-240Keywords:
câncer de cabeça e pescoço, braquiterapia, paliação, qualidade de vidaAbstract
Introdução: Esse trabalho apresenta como objetivo avaliar o impacto da braquiterapia na qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço em tratamento exclusivamente paliativo, tendo como principal desfecho avaliado o controle de sintomas. Metodologia: Foram identificados ensaios clínicos randomizados, através de busca nas bases de dados: PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Scopus e Cochrane, além de busca de literatura adicional utilizando o Google Acadêmico, e as referências dos artigos selecionados. A seleção dos artigos passou por remoção inicial das duplicatas e leitura de títulos e resumos e, em seguida, foi realizada a leitura dos artigos na íntegra. A qualidade metodológica dos trabalhos selecionados foi avaliada através da ferramenta Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Resultados: Foram identificados no total 96 artigos, dos quais foram incluídos 9 ensaios clínicos. A amostra total consistiu em 870 pacientes, todos com neoplasia de esôfago. Cerca de 17% da população do estudo necessitou de outras abordagens para alívio de sintomas. Não foi evidenciado impacto na sobrevida dos pacientes com a administração da braquiterapia. A braquiterapia demonstrou maior benefício para controle de disfagia. Benefício adicional foi verificado na funcionalidade geral, física, emocional, social e cognitiva dos pacientes. A associação da braquiterapia com stent, laserterapia e radioterapia podem aumentar a eficiência no controle dos sintomas. Conclusão: A qualidade de vida dos pacientes foi afetada de forma positiva, principalmente devido ao controle de sintomas específicos, entretanto a saúde como um todo sofreu deterioração apesar da terapia, o que impactou na satisfação geral dos pacientes.
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