Bypass ou Sleeve: considerações quanto à escolha do método de cirurgia bariátrica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n4-274Keywords:
cirurgia bariátrica, gastrectomia vertical, gastroplastia em Y de RouxAbstract
Introdução: A obesidade caracteriza uma epidemia em todo o mundo, e a cirurgia bariátrica é considerada o tratamento mais efetivo a longo prazo para obesidade grave, em comparação ao tratamento clínico. As duas técnicas bariátricas mais realizadas são o Bypass e o Sleeve. Várias questões devem ser avaliadas quando se trata na escolha do método de cirurgia bariátrica. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é evidenciar vantagens e desvantagens de cada um destes métodos, a fim de basear a discussão para a melhor escolha para cada paciente. Métodos: Este estudo configura uma revisão de literatura, baseada em artigos científicos de maior importância. Discussão: o Sleeve ganhou popularidade rapidamente, e, em 2014, se tornou o procedimento bariátrico mais realizado no mundo, porém possui suas contraindicações. O Bypass ainda é considerado padrão ouro, uma vez que induz uma maior perda de peso a longo termo em comparação ao Sleeve, mas também possui suas desvantagens. Independentemente do procedimento escolhido, o paciente pode esperar um reganho fisiológico do peso com o passar do tempo, que se inicia geralmente após dois anos do procedimento, o que não caracteriza uma falha do tratamento. Conclusão: Não existe o melhor procedimento para todos os pacientes. Deve-se entender os riscos e benefícios de cada um dos métodos, além das contraindicações de cada um. Portanto, a escolha do procedimento a ser realizado deve ser baseada em pilares científicos e sociais, sendo sempre individualizado para cada paciente.
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