Biomarcadores genéticos na biópsia líquida: relevância clínica para o manejo do câncer pancreático
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv7n2-079Keywords:
neoplasias pancreáticas, biópsia líquida, biomarcadores tumorais, genética, relevância clínicaAbstract
A elevada letalidade do câncer pancreático deve-se, principalmente, a sua apresentação clínica pouco específica que resulta, frequentemente, em diagnóstico tardio. Assim, a biópsia líquida (LB) destaca-se como método promissor a ser analisado, a fim de aumentar a sobrevida e a qualidade de vida do portador dessa neoplasia. Analisar a relevância clínica dos biomarcadores genéticos na LB para o manejo do carcinoma pancreático. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram incluídos artigos originais nos idiomas inglês e português publicados no período de 2019 a 2023, coletados a partir das bases de dados PubMed, BVS, Scopus e Embase, utilizando os descritores: “pancreatic cancer”, “liquid biopsy”, “genetic biomarkers” e “ctDNA”. Após leitura sistemática e emprego dos critérios de exclusão, 11 trabalhos foram considerados elegíveis para o presente estudo. Identificou-se consenso quanto à correlação negativa entre o valor da fração de alelos mutantes do gene KRAS e a sobrevida global; a persistência dos níveis de ctDNA, exoDNA ou CTCs no pós-operatório correlacionou-se com pior prognóstico e maior taxa de recorrência da malignidade; Diversos estudos analisados foram capazes de aumentar a acurácia do teste para detecção de mutações na LB. A análise de biomarcadores genéticos na LB é uma ferramenta útil para diagnóstico, prognóstico e monitoramento do câncer de pâncreas. O exíguo número de artigos que preenchem os critérios de elegibilidade e as amostras de tamanho limitado encontradas em alguns desses estudos são limitações desta revisão. Espera-se progressos significativos e a validação dos resultados aqui apresentados mediante pesquisas adicionais.
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