Impacto do álcool no organismo: uma revisão dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos envolvidos na toxicidade sistêmica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv7n1-625Keywords:
consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, toxicidade e patologiaAbstract
Introdução: O álcool tem sido consumido desde os primórdios da civilização e se tornou parte integrante de diferentes culturas ao longo do tempo, sendo seu consumo excessivo reconhecido como uma doença na era contemporânea. Apesar disso, o número de usuários tem crescido cada vez mais. O alcoolismo representa um desafio significativo de saúde pública, uma vez que está associado a uma série de desequilíbrios nos sistemas orgânicos. Metodologia: O estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos que envolvem a formação de danos celulares induzidos pela toxicidade do álcool. A estratégia usada para o levantamento de artigos foi a busca ativa por estudos na base de dados PubMed. Resultados e Discussões: Os danos induzidos pelo consumo de álcool podem ser divididos em três mecanismos principais, que são a toxicidade direta, modulação de processos e injúrias via radicais livres, todos podendo ser causados pelo etanol, bem como seus resíduos metabólicos com destaque para o acetaldeído. Praticamente todos os sistemas orgânicos humanos sofrem danos relacionados ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, variando de acordo com a dose, padrão de ingestão e metabolismo inato do indivíduo. Conclusão: O álcool tem efeitos adversos em todo o corpo, afetando principalmente o sistema cardiovascular, digestório, endócrino, nervoso, musculoesquelético, imunológico e respiratório, tornando necessária uma abordagem multidisciplinar para entender e mitigar esses efeitos, promovendo a saúde pública.
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História do Álcool - CISA - Centro de Informações sobre Saúde e Álcool. Disponível em: https://cisa.org.br/sua-saude/informativos/artigo/item/60-historia-do-alcool. Acesso em: 01/02/2024.
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