Tendências e desafios acerca do uso de cigarros eletrônicos entre jovens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv7n1-551Keywords:
cigarro eletronico, nicotina, hábito de fumarAbstract
O uso crescente de cigarros eletrônicos (CE) entre os jovens tem despertado preocupações devido à percepção equivocada de que são uma alternativa segura para a cessação do tabagismo. Estudos mostram que a popularidade dos CE aumentou significativamente nos últimos anos, impulsionada pela diversidade de dispositivos e sabores, resultando em um aumento de 900% no uso entre 2011 e 2015. No entanto, persistem controvérsias sobre seus benefícios para a saúde e sua eficácia na cessação do tabagismo. Pesquisas indicam que o uso de CE entre estudantes universitários está associado a uma variedade de problemas de saúde mental e ao uso de drogas, e que a influência de amigos fumantes é um fator importante na adoção desses dispositivos. Além disso, evidências sugerem um potencial viciante maior com os CE do que com os cigarros convencionais entre adultos jovens. Embora muitos vejam os CE como uma solução para abandonar o tabagismo, sua eficácia nesse sentido ainda não foi plenamente respaldada por órgãos governamentais, e o uso entre os jovens pode aumentar o risco de iniciar o hábito de fumar no futuro, servindo como uma porta de entrada para não fumantes. A composição dos CE varia, mas geralmente inclui ingredientes como propilenoglicol, glicerina vegetal, aromatizantes químicos e nicotina. No entanto, esses dispositivos também podem conter metais pesados e gerar resíduos tóxicos, como formaldeído e acroleína, classificados como carcinógenos. Diante desses desafios, é crucial desenvolver políticas de saúde pública e intervenções preventivas direcionadas para informar adequadamente os jovens sobre os riscos dos CE e promover abordagens baseadas em evidências para a cessação do tabagismo.
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