Uso de ultrassom focalizado de alta intensidade para o tratamento de melasma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv6n6-205Keywords:
melanose, terapia no ultrassom, tratamento por ondas de choque extracorpóreasAbstract
Objetivo - Descrever o funcionamento da tecnologia ultrassom focalizado de alta intensidade (HIFU) no tratamento do melasma. Métodos – Revisão narrativa centrada na aplicação da tecnologia HIFU no tratamento de melasma. Os critérios de inclusão visaram abordar a etiologia, diagnóstico e tratamento do melasma, bem como a contribuição do HIFU para essa condição. Resultados- O melasma tem causas relacionadas à genética, exposição solar, influência hormonal e inflamação cutânea. Os métodos diagnósticos incluem lâmpada de Wood, dermoscopia, histopatologia e inteligência artificial. Os tratamentos eficazes incluem protetores solares, cremes clareadores e terapias combinadas. A tecnologia HIFU como um procedimento não invasivo, geralmente livre de dor e com rápida recuperação, utiliza ondas sonoras de alta frequência para gerar calor ou ablação nas camadas profundas da pele, poupando a superfície. No contexto do melasma, o HIFU pode seletivamente destruir as células produtoras de melanina na camada superficial da pele, reduzindo a hiperpigmentação. Quatro estudos, incluindo um com cobaias e três com humanos, avaliaram o HIFU como uma opção de tratamento para melasma. Dois deles focaram na segurança do procedimento em humanos, e um explorou resultados em pacientes de fototipos de pele III e IV. Todos estudos apresentaram resultados positivos e promissores. Não foram encontrados protocolos específicos relacionando o uso da tecnologia HIFU para melasma. Conclusão- Embora promissor, a eficácia do HIFU no tratamento do melasma carece de evidências robustas, especialmente em outros fototipos de pele. Pesquisas futuras com amostras mais representativas são necessárias para avaliar a eficácia e segurança desse tratamento.
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