Biomarcadores tumorais de Câncer Colorretal: breve revisão bibliográfica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv6n6-120Keywords:
marcadores moleculares, Câncer Colorretal, biomarcadoresAbstract
O câncer colorretal é o terceiro tipo de câncer mais incidente no Brasil e no mundo, e é uma das causas de morte em pessoas com menos de 70 anos. A incidência de casos em pacientes com idade menor que 50 anos aumentou, e com isso, a necessidade de fazer o rastreamento ainda mais precoce dessa doença, a fim de obter melhor prognóstico. As alterações genéticas, histológicas e morfológicas somadas tornam possível a detecção de pólipos pré-cancerosos, corroborando diagnóstico e tratamento precoces. O presente estudo é uma revisão de literatura qualitativa com finalidade de identificar biomarcadores promissores do câncer colorretal. Os tumores malignos se diferenciam dos tumores benignos pela presença de fator cancerígeno nesses. O tipo mais comum de câncer colorretal é o adenocarcinoma, desenvolvido a partir de células epiteliais. O sarcoma é outro tipo de câncer colorretal que se desenvolve a partir de tecido conjuntivo. Os biomarcadores MMP9, EFGR e PLAU são os mais específicos para o câncer colorretal. Os indicadores biológicos são importantes na educação, conscientização populacional, diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção da doença. Uma abordagem individualizada, com base em biomarcadores, pode reduzir morbimortalidade e avançar no sentido de melhores prognósticos aos pacientes acometidos por essa doença.
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