Desafios no tratamento da Anorexia Nervosa Grave aos profissionais de saúde: relato de caso e revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv6n6-015Keywords:
Anorexia Nervosa, profissional da saúde, psiquiatriaAbstract
A etiologia multifatorial da anorexia nervosa demanda por manejo especializado, o que coloca os profissionais da saúde em contato com importantes desafios, e compreende-los pode ser significativo para pensar o tratamento do paciente e cuidado com o profissional. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar os desafios que os profissionais da saúde enfrentam no cuidado ao paciente com AN grave e relacioná-los com caso clínico. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura conduzida nas bases de dados SCOPUS, PUMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, PsycINFO. Foram inseridos, nesta revisão, dez artigos após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os dados foram explorados seguindo a análise temática de Bardin. Nossas descobertas condizem com o que apresentado no caso clínico, e mostra que entre os desafios do cuidado ao paciente com anorexia nervosa estão; construção e manutenção da relação terapêutica e cuidado a saúde mental e emocional dos profissionais. Investir na qualificação profissional e no cuidado à saúde mental dos mesmos poderá auxiliá-los a compreender e gerenciar as particularidades do cuidado ao paciente com anorexia nervosa.
References
AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guidelines for the Psychiatric Evaluation of Adults, 3rd ed.; American Psychiatric Association: Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2015
BARDIN, L. Análise de conteúdo. Rio de Janeiro: Edições 70, Ed. revista, 2008.
BROOMFIELD, C., NOETEL, M., STEDAL, K., HAY, P., TOUYZ, S. Establishing consensus for labeling and defining the later stage of anorexia nervosa: a Delphi study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, [S.I], v.54, n.10, p.1865-74. 2021
CASS, K., MCGUIRE, C., BJORK, I., SOBOTKA, N., WALSH, K., MEHLER, P. S. Medical complications of anorexia nervosa. Psychosomatics, [S.I], v. 61, n. 6, p. 625-631. 2020.
CASTRO, P. D. S., BRANDÃO, E. R. Desafios da atenção à anorexia nervosa na adolescência: etnografia em serviço público de saúde no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, [S.I], v. 23, p. 2917-26, 2018.
COSTA-VAL, A., COELHO, V. A. A., MACHADO, M. N. D. M., CAMPOS, R. T. O., MODENA, C. M. On anorexia and bulimia: conceptions and etiological suppositions from the perspective of Health professionals. Interface-Comunicação, Saúde, Educação, Botucatu, v. 23, 2019.
CHANG, Y. S., LIAO, F. T., HUANG, L. C., CHEN, S. L. The Treatment Experience of Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescents from Healthcare Professionals’ Perspective: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 20, n. 1, p. 794, 2023.
DAVÉN, J., HELLZEN, O., HÄGGSTRÖM, M. Encountering patients with anorexia nervosa-An emotional roller coaster. nurses’ lived experiences of encounters in psychiatric inpatient care. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, v. 17, n. 1, p. 2069651, 2022.
FARIAS, C. T. S., ROSA, R. H. A educação alimentar e nutricional como estratégia no tratamento dos transtornos alimentares. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, v. 3, n. 4, p. 10611-20, 2020.
FERNÁNDEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, J. L., HERRANZ-HERNÁNDEZ, P., SEGOVIA-TORRES, L. Competence and Involuntary Commitment of Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Qualitative study on the Perceptions and Performance of Psychiatrists and Clinical Psychologists. Revista Colombiana de psiquiatria (English ed.), v. 51, n. 4, p. 261-271, 2022.
GALMICHE, M., DÉCHELOTTE, P., LAMBERT, G., TAVOLACCI, M. P. Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000–2018 period: a systematic literature review. The American journal of clinical nutrition, v.109, n. 5, p.1402-13. 2019.
GOLDEN, N. H., MEHLER, P. S. Atypical anorexia nervosa can be just as bad. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, v. 87, n. 3, p. 172-174. 2020.
GUSTAFSSON, S. A., STENSTRÖM, K., OLOFSSON, H., PETTERSSON, A., WILBE RAMSAY, K. Experiences of eating disorders from the perspectives of patients, family members and health care professionals: a meta-review of qualitative evidence syntheses. Journal of Eating Disorders, v. 9, n. 1, p. 1-23, 2021.
GUINHUT, M., GODART, N., BENADJAOUD, M. A., MELCHIOR, J. C., HANACHI, M. Five‐year mortality of severely malnourished patients with chronic anorexia nervosa admitted to a medical unit. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, v.143, n. 2, p. 130-40. 2021
HAGE, T. W., ISAKSSON RØ, K., RØ, Ø. Burnout among staff on specialized eating disorder units in Norway. Journal of Eating Disorders, v. 9, p.1-10, 2021.
KHALSA, S. S., PORTNOFF, L. C., MCCURDY-MCKINNON, D., FEUSNER, J. D. What happens after treatment? A systematic review of relapse, remission, and recovery in anorexia nervosa. Journal of eating disorders, v,5, n. 1, p.1-12, 2017.
KÄSTNER, D., WEIGEL, A., BUCHHOLZ, I., VODERHOLZER, U., LÖWE, B., GUMZ, A. Facilitators and barriers in anorexia nervosa treatment initiation: a qualitative study on the perspectives of patients, carers and professionals. Journal of Eating Disorders, v. 9, n.1, p. 1-11. 2021.
MADDEN, S., MISKOVIC-WHEATLEY, J., WALLIS, A., KOHN, M., LOCK, J., LE GRANGE, D., TOUYZ, S. A randomized controlled trial of in-patient treatment for anorexia nervosa in medically unstable adolescents. Psychological medicine, v. 45, n. 2, p. 415-27, 2015.
MAHER, C., NWACHUKWU, I. The challenge of managing severely ill patients with anorexia nervosa in Ireland. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, v. 29, n. 2, p. 69-71, 2013.
MOHER, D., LIBERATI, A., TETZLAFF, J., ALTMAN, D. G., PRISMA GROUP. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Annals of internal medicine, v. 151, n.4, p. 264-9, 2009.
POTTHOFF, L. M., PALMA, I. A. F., DAVIDSON, R. D., BUJOREANU, I. S., THOMSON, K. Admitted for an Eating Disorder: Challenges Clinical Psychologists Face in Working with Patients and Their Families on a Consultation–Liaison Service in a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, v. 28, n. 1, p. 113-24, 2021.
ROCCA, E., ANJUM, R. L. Complexity, reductionism and the biomedical model. Rethinking causality, complexity and evidence for the unique patient: A CauseHealth resource for healthcare professionals and the clinical encounter, p. 75-94, 2020.
SALOMÃO, J. O., MARINHO, I. P., LEITE, A. F. V., ACOSTA, R. J. T., CABRAL, I. D., NASCIMENTO, P. L., SILVA, M. M., ALMADA, M. O. R. V. Evidence of eating disorders in adolescents. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, v. 4, n.2, p. 5665-78, 2021.
SIBEONI, J., ORRI, M., VALENTIN, M., PODLIPSKI, M. A, COLIN S., PRADERE J, REVAH-LEVY, A. Metasynthesis of the views about treatment of anorexia nervosa in adolescents: perspectives of adolescents, parents, and professionals. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource], v.12, n. 1: e0169493, 2017.
SIBEONI, J., ORRI, M., COLIN, S., VALENTIN, M. A. PRADERE, J., REVAH-LEVY A. The lived experience of anorexia nervosa in adolescence, comparison of the points of view of adolescents, parents, and professionals: A metasynthesis. Int J Nurs Stud. 2017; 65:25–34.
STOCKFORD, C., STENFERT KROESE, B., BEESLEY, A., LEUNG, N. Women’s recovery from anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Eating disorders, v. 27, n. 4, p. 343-68. 2019.
WATSON, H. J., YILMAZ, Z., THORNTON, L. M., HÜBEL, C., COLEMAN, J. R., GASPAR, H. A., SEITZ, J. Genome-wide association study identifies eight risk loci and implicates metabo-psychiatric origins for anorexia nervosa. Nature genetics, v. 51, n. 8, p. 1207-14. 2019.
WARREN, C. S., SCHAFER, K. J., CROWLEY, M. E. J., OLIVARDIA, R. Demographic and work-related correlates of job burnout in professional eating disorder treatment providers. Psychotherapy, v.50, n. 4, p. 553, 2013.
WU, W. L., CHEN, S. L. Nurses’ perceptions on and experiences in conflict situations when caring for adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A qualitative study. International journal of mental health nursing, v. 30, p. 1386-94. 2021.
