Neuroplasticidade após lesão cerebral traumática: mecanismos e implicações para reabilitação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv6n4-407Palabras clave:
neuroplasticidade, lesão cerebral traumática, reabilitação, brotação axonal, estimulação cerebralResumen
A neuroplasticidade, ou capacidade do cérebro de se reorganizar e adaptar, é um tópico fundamental quando consideramos a recuperação de indivíduos após uma lesão cerebral traumática (LCT). Esta revisão aborda os mecanismos intrincados pelos quais o cérebro manifesta plasticidade após LCT, como brotação axonal, reorganização somatossensorial e gênese de neurônios. Além disso, são discutidas várias abordagens terapêuticas, incluindo terapia física, estimulação cerebral e terapias farmacológicas, que visam otimizar essa capacidade adaptativa. As diferenças na manifestação de neuroplasticidade entre crianças e adultos também são destacadas, enfatizando a necessidade de abordagens personalizadas na reabilitação pós-LCT. Através da análise da literatura atual, torna-se evidente que, enquanto a neuroplasticidade oferece oportunidades significativas para recuperação, também apresenta desafios, particularmente em termos de potencial reorganização mal adaptativa. Esta revisão destaca a importância de uma compreensão profunda da neuroplasticidade para desenvolver e refinar estratégias de reabilitação, com o objetivo final de melhorar os desfechos e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes afetados por LCT.Citas
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