Eficácia do tratamento com suplementação, anabolizante e exercício físico nos parâmetros de sarcopenia em pacientes idosos com fratura de quadril
Efficacy of treatment with supplementation, anabolic and physical exercise in the parameters of sarcopenia in elderly patients with hip fracture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n6-158Keywords:
fragilidade, sarcopenia, intervenção, quadril, fratura, suplementoAbstract
Introdução: Na população idosa, quando as condições clínicas de saúde estão fragilizadas, podem ser observados distúrbios nos sistemas nervoso, endócrino, imunológico e muscular. Consequentemente, as perdas relacionadas aos mecanismos homeostáticos responsáveis por prevenir a perda muscular esquelética e a queda hormonal sofrem interferência e resultam, em algum momento, em alterações na forma de marcha da pessoa, predispondo quedas. O risco de fratura de quadril nesse grupo é alto e pode ser explicado pela perda de força desses músculos. Medidas profiláticas e terapêuticas são necessárias para evitar que essa situação aconteça e reabilitar aquelas que já aconteceram. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia dos tratamentos com suplementação proteica, anabolizantes e exercícios físicos na melhora dos parâmetros de sarcopenia em pacientes acometidos por fratura de quadril. Métodos: Essa revisão sistemática foi baseada no protocolo PRISMA de 2015. Base de dados: PubMed, Embase e MedLine. Dados coletados de Ensaios Clínicos Randomizados. A população estudada foi de idosos (>60 anos) que sofreram fratura de quadril. Resultados: Foram identificados 1151 estudos nas bases de dados e, após a triagem, 08 ensaios clínicos randomizados foram escolhidos para a leitura total, sendo que todos foram incluídos para a revisão. Destes, quatro abordaram a suplementação proteica, um estudo reportou o uso de anabolizantes e três pesquisas avaliaram os efeitos do exercício físico no tratamento. Conclusão: Os estudos analisados demonstraram eficácia no uso de suplementação proteica, anabolizante e exercício físico, com significância estatística, para a melhora de parâmetros de sarcopenia em indivíduos com fratura de quadril. Contudo, evidencia-se a necessidade de novos estudos para aumentar a base de dados, principalmente no que se refere ao uso de anabolizantes.
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