Repercussões da cirurgia metabólica sobre o controle glicêmico no Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
Repercussions of metabolic surgery on glycemic control in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n6-140Keywords:
“cirurgia metabólica, “Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2”Abstract
A cirurgia metabólica apresenta-se como estratégia promissora no tratamento do diabetes mellitus tipo 2, com vários estudos demonstrando a eficácia sobre o controle glicêmico e outros desfechos metabólicos. No entanto, os mecanismos subjacentes ainda estão sob investigação e estudos complementares são necessários para determinar seus efeitos a longo prazo e eficácia frente às terapias medicamentosas convencionais. OBJETIVOS: Analisar as repercussões das diferentes modalidades de cirurgia metabólica sobre o diabetes mellitus tipo 2. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de revisão integrativa realizada por meio das bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO E COCHRANE entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2022 utilizando os descritores MESH “Metabolic surgery” e “Type 2 Diabetes mellitus”, articulados com o operador booleano “AND”. Foram aplicados filtros para obtenção de artigos publicados entre 2017 e 2022; em línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola; e disponíveis na íntegra. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 424 artigos, dos quais 32 foram selecionados por melhor se adequarem ao tema proposto. DISCUSSÃO: Diversas modalidades cirúrgicas estão disponíveis, sendo o Bypass Gástrico em Y de Roux, a abordagem padrão-ouro. A melhoria do perfil glicêmico entre pacientes com DM2 se dá de maneira dependente e independente da perda de peso. Numerosos estudos confrontam os procedimentos entre si, bem como as terapias cirúrgicas e terapias médicas convencionais. Porém, uma minoria explora a comparação às terapias medicamentosas específicas. CONCLUSÕES: Os mecanismos pressupostos aos resultados da cirurgia estão sendo desvendados, contudo deve-se reconhecer a incompletude dos conhecimentos adquiridos até então. Apesar da totalidade dos estudos analisados demonstrarem superioridade da cirurgia, mais evidências são necessárias.
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