Etiologia, fatores de risco e particularidades do Câncer de pênis na região nordeste do Brasil
Etiology, risk factors and penile Cancer particularities of northeastern Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n5-215Keywords:
etiologia, fatores, risco, pênis, Câncer, nordesteAbstract
O câncer de pênis é uma patologia que, apesar de rara, resulta em profundos impactos emocionais e físicos no paciente. Ademais, a incidência na região Nordeste do Brasil é elevada, especialmente no estado do Maranhão, cuja incidência é a mais alta no contexto global. Nesse sentido, considerando o exposto, esse trabalho objetiva a revisão integrativa dos fatores de risco e da etiologia do câncer de pênis e destaca as particularidades de estados da região brasileira nordestina. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed e BVS no intervalo temporal de 2000 a 2020, usando os seguintes descritores na língua inglesa: “etiology”, “risk factors”, “penis”, “cancer”, “Brazil” e “Maranhao”. Como resultados, foram selecionados 20 artigos para compor a discussão do tema e fatores de risco do câncer de pênis foram identificados como os mais proeminentes e destacados nos estudos. Como exemplo, pode-se citar a ausência de circuncisão, hábitos inadequados de higiene, fatores socioeconômicos, fimose, condições inflamatórias (líquen escleroso e atrófico e balanite), infecção por papilomavírus humano e hábito de fumar. Dessa forma, foram detalhados cada um desses tópicos visando o futuro delineamento de políticas públicas pelos governantes brasileiros no enfrentamento do câncer de pênis no Brasil, em especial, na região Nordeste brasileira. Assim, espera-se que futuramente hajam menos casos dessa enfermidade no país e melhoria da perspectiva de saúde dos brasileiros.
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