Perfil de citocinas na patogênese da infecção do vírus Linfotrópico de células T humanas HTLV-1 / Cytokine profile in the pathogenesis of HTLV-1 human T- Cell Lymphotropic virus infection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n4-029Keywords:
infecção pelo vírus Linfotrópico T Humano 1, Leucemia-Linfoma de Células T do Adulto, anticorpos antivírus I da Leucemia de Células T do adulto, antígenos de deltaretrovírus.Abstract
Introdução: Identificado em 1980 o HTLV-1 foi o primeiro retrovírus relacionado a neoplasias hematológicas em seres humanos, contribuindo para quadros severos de LTA, LLTA e PETMAH. As oncoproteínas do vírus HBZ e TAX levam a imunodesregulação e oncogênese de pacientes comprometidos. Objetivos: Elucidar o perfil de citocinas na patogênese do HTLV-1 e possíveis mecanismos para modelos imunoterapêuticos. Métodos: Se trata de uma revisão descritiva com análise sistemática, 102 artigos foram selecionados e apenas 54 incluídos, as palavras-chave foram padronizadas de acordo com o DeCS e os artigos categorizados para leitura na íntegra, utilizamos o fluxograma prisma para triagem e seleção dos artigos. Resultados e Discussão: Os altos níveis de IL-10 em pacientes LTA tem sido implicados na imunossupressão grave, CXCL9 e CXCL10 estão associadas ao aumento de células CD8⁺ e inflamação na medula espinhal, CCL3 afeta a inflamação do SNC através de macrófagos e astrócitos, a secreção de IFNγ contribui diretamente para o perfil de citocinas plasmáticas em PETMAH, a IL-6 induz a produção excessiva de VEGF, levando a angiogênese aumentada em tecidos sinoviais de artrite reumatóide relacionada ao HTLV-1. O TNFβ demonstrou promover a tumorigênese induzindo NF-kβ e IL-1β tem sido relacionada a inflamação crônica no SNC na PETMAH. Conclusão: O perfil imunopatológico imposto pelo HTLV-1 contribui para superexpressão de citocinas levando aos quadros de PETMAH e LTA. Citocinas IL-10, CXCL-9, CXCL-10, IFNs, IL-6 em combinação com adjuvantes podem estabelecer modelos eficazes para estudos em fase teste e contribuir com tratamentos terapêuticos futuros.
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