Avulsão Dentária: uma revisão de literatura / Tooth Avulsion: a literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n3-313Keywords:
Avulsão Dentária, tecido de sustentação, ligamento periodontal.Abstract
O traumatismo dentário trata-se de uma urgência odontológica que pode envolver os dentes, osso alveolar e tecidos moles de sustentação, acometendo adultos e principalmente crianças, podendo gerar um dano estético, funcional e psicológico irreparável. Dentre os tipos de traumas dentais, a avulsão dentária é relatada como o mais grave, devido ao deslocamento total do dente para fora do alvéolo levando a um rompimento total do feixe vásculo-nervoso e danos as fibras do ligamento periodontal. Esta ocorrência corresponde, aproximadamente, a 0,5% - 16% de todas as injúrias traumáticas, sendo os incisivos centrais superiores os dentes mais afetados, com predominância do gênero masculino e causas mais comuns as quedas da própria altura, práticas esportivas e acidentes de trânsitos. Um prognóstico favorável para a avulsão está diretamente relacionado ao reimplante dentário imediato, de maneira a preservar a viabilidade das fibras do ligamento periodontal, evitando a desidratação do elemento dentário. Nos casos de reimplantes tardios, para que seu prognóstico não seja desfavorável, o tratamento de superfície radicular pode ser realizado, evitando sequelas como anquiloses, reabsorções e necroses pulpares. Diante da importância e da alta incidência da avulsão dentária, este trabalho propõe realizar uma revisão de literatura, sobre avulsão dentária em dentes permanentes e decíduos, consultados na base de dados PubMed, Google Acadêmico e RevOdonto referente ao período de 2000 a 2022, abordando suas causas, condutas terapêuticas e sequelas na repercussão da vida das crianças, adolescentes e dos adultos.
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