Desenvolvimento de vacinas contra a COVID-19: uma revisão de literatura / Development of vaccines against COVID-19: a literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n1-302Keywords:
Vacinas, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2.Abstract
Introdução: O SARS-CoV-2 surgiu em dezembro de 2019 e a doença ocasionada por ele, a COVID-19, tornou-se uma pandemia, pois possui elevada transmissibilidade e alta mobilidade internacional. Por isso, o desenvolvimento das vacinas é ferramenta crucial para o seu combate. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo objetiva compilar informações sobre o desenvolvimento e eficácia das vacinas contra COVID-19. Métodos: Utilizaram-se as bases de dados PubMed, BVS e SciELO. As buscas foram realizadas utilizando as seguintes estratégias: na PubMed e na BVS, “(COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (VACCINES) AND (EFFICACY)” e “(COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (VACCINES) AND (MECHANISM OF ACTION)”; na SciELO, “(COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (VACINAS)”. Foram incluídos artigos originais nas línguas inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola, e excluídos artigos de revisão, cartas e editoriais. Resultados e discussão: 28 artigos foram incluídos, os quais abordavam sobre 13 vacinas: BNT162b1, BNT162b2, NVX-CoV2373, Ad5-NCoV, BBIBP-CorV, SARS-CoV-2 (cepa WIV04) inativada, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222, mRNA-1273, BBV152, PiCoVacc, ZF2001, Ad26.COV2.S e Gam-COVID-Vac. Foram apresentados e discutidos os mecanismos de ação das vacinas, os seus desenvolvimentos e os resultados dos estudos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os dados apresentados são extremamente positivos para o enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19. Sendo assim, é importante que tais informações cheguem à comunidade científica e à população constantemente e, para isso, novos trabalhos de revisão como este urgem para compilar e facilitar o acesso a esses dados.
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