Técnicas de acesso abdominal usadas em cirurgia laparoscópica / Abdominal access techniques used in laparoscopic surgery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n1-263Keywords:
Abdome, Cirurgia Geral, Laparoscopia.Abstract
As técnicas laparoscópicas revolucionaram o campo da cirurgia com benefícios que incluem redução da dor pós-operatória, retorno mais precoce às atividades normais após a cirurgia e menos complicações pós-operatórias, como infecção da ferida, hérnia incisional, em comparação com as técnicas abertas. Os locais para portas múltiplas em cirurgia laparoscópica são escolhidos para triangular a câmera e os instrumentos em torno de um ponto focal dentro do abdômen, mantendo assim o acesso ideal para manipulação dos instrumentos e fornecendo posições confortáveis para o cirurgião e assistente. As taxas gerais de complicações para o acesso laparoscópico não são significativamente diferentes entre as técnicas de agulha de Hasson e Veress para insuflação abdominal. As condições que podem exigir uma abordagem alternativa para o acesso laparoscópico incluem a presença de hérnia umbilical, cirurgia abdominal anterior, obesidade e gravidez. Os problemas relacionados ao acesso, incluindo falha de entrada, insuflação extraperitoneal, vazamento ou sangramento nas portas e perda da posição da porta ou pneumoperitônio, são exclusivas da cirurgia laparoscópica, a solução dessas questões deve ser abordada de maneira sistemática para minimizar a perda de tempo e prevenir o desenvolvimento de outras complicações.
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