Efeito do uso de fármacos anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINES) na osseointegração de implantes dentários: revisão de literatura / Effect of the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the osseointegration of dental implants: literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n1-252Keywords:
Implantes dentários, Osseointegração, Anti-inflamatórios não esteroides.Abstract
A osseointegração de implantes endósseos (OI) é um processo dinâmico, envolvendo diversos tipos celulares, buscando o íntimo contato entre osso alveolar e superfície do implante. Os anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (AINES) são frequentemente prescritos no pós-operatório da instalação de implantes devido a seu efeito analgésico, entretanto, por interferirem com a atuação de prostaglandinas (PGs) ao inibir enzimas ciclooxigenases (COX), podem prejudicar o processo de OI. Assim, o presente artigo objetivou, mediante uma revisão na literatura científica, analisar a influência do uso de AINES no processo de OI. Para isso, realizou-se uma busca por artigos científicos na base de dados PubMed com os termos “dental implants” AND “osseointegration” AND “anti-inflammatory agents, non-steroidal”. A busca resultou em 20 manuscritos e, após a leitura de seus resumos, foram selecionados, sem qualquer restrição de ano, 10 artigos. Estes foram lidos na íntegra e corresponderam a pesquisas científicas pré-clínicas e clínicas diretamente relacionadas ao efeito de AINES na OI ou a atuação de COX neste processo. Foram excluídos artigos referentes a outros fármacos e outras revisões de literatura. A maioria dos estudos selecionados sugeriu que os AINES podem intervir negativamente na OI, especialmente se tratando da atividade inibitória proeminentemente sobre COX-2, interferindo no equilíbrio osteoblástico e osteoclástico característico da remodelação óssea contínua. No reparo ósseo, a ativação de COX-2 mostra-se importante na ativação primária de osteoclastos, sendo crucial para turn over ósseo e efetividade de OI. Nota-se, entretanto, escassez de estudos na literatura científica que possibilitem a afirmação concreta da influência de AINES sobre OI.
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