Síndrome de Guillain-Barré / Guillain-Barré Syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n1-229Keywords:
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré, Síndrome de Miller Fisher, Neuropatias Autoimunes Agudas, Polineuropatia Desmielinizante Inflamatória AgudaAbstract
A síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) é a causa mais comum de neuropatia flácida e paralítica aguda, gerando cerca de 1500 internações ao ano no Brasil e com aumento a cada ano.
A sua etiologia é incerta, entretanto, a SGB é considerada uma neuropatia imuno-mediada pós infecciosa, sendo desencadeada após infecções virais e bacterianas.
Em sua apresentação típica, ocorre uma fraqueza bilateral e rapidamente progressiva em pernas e/ou braços, que não é explicada por outras causas e não cursa com acometimento do sistema nervoso central. Em 70% dos casos, os sintomas são precedidos por pródromos respiratórios ou gastrointestinais em 1 a 6 semanas.
O diagnóstico é eminentemente clínico com complementação de exames laboratoriais e eletrofisiológicos. Os tratamentos mais utilizados são a imunoglonulina intravenosa e plasmaférese, com a adição de suporte ventilatório se necessário.
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