Análise esquelética e dentária da resposta espontânea da mandíbula à expansão rápida da maxila: estudo longitudinal/ Skeletal and dental analysis of the spontaneous mandibular response to rapid maxillary expansion: a longitudinal study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n5-376Keywords:
Crescimento e desenvolvimento, Expansão maxilar, Mandíbula.Abstract
O objetivo foi verificar a influência da expansão rapída da maxila na posição espacial da mandíbula e no arco dental inferior ao longo prazo. Foram avaliados 240 radiografias cefalométricas em norma lateral e póstero-anterior, de 30 indivíduos com dentição mista, maloclusão Classe I, sendo 12 do gênero masculino e 18 do feminino, tratados exclusivamente com expansão rápida da maxila (CEP: 4.134.275). A média de idade destes indivíduos foi dos 8 anos e 2 meses, que corresponde ao pré-tratamento até os 20 anos e 7 meses que corresponde ao acompanhamento ao logo prazo. O grupo controle (C) foi a amostra do “Bolton Standards of Dentofacial Developmental Growth”. O erro intra-examinador foi de 0,20% e as analises estatisticas foram o teste “t” de Student pareado e one-sample “t” test, ambos com significância de p<0,05. Os resultados mostraram deslocamento anterior da mandíbula de 2,31o no momento T2-T3 (p<0,05). Nos momentos T3-T2, a mandíbula girou no sentido anti-horário, com redução 2,27º (p<0,05). O grupo T apresentou crescimento do ramo da mandíbula de 10,42mm e o grupo C de 11,10mm. O crescimento do corpo da mandíbula ao final foi de 12,91mm para o grupo T e 12,70mm para o grupo C. Ambos grupos mostraram considerável crescimento em altura da face, mas no momento T3-T4 o grupo C praticamente dobrou de tamanho em relação ao crescimento do grupo T. O aumento total na distância inter-molares inferiores foi de 0,78mm para o grupo T e de 4,0mm para o grupo C (p<0,05). Foi concluído que a expansão rápida da maxila pode ser empregada em todos os pacientes, pois ao longo prazo, as alterações no plano vertical se aproximam dos padrões normais, além de trazer benefícios ao plano sagital e transverso.
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